介绍了我国有色金属冶金基础研究现状及所取得的重要成果, 提出了拟定我国有色金属冶金发展战略的原则, 并从以下几方面对如何进一步开展我国有色金属冶金基础研究提出了建议:复杂界面交互作用、矿物的生物加工理论与技术、丰产元素资源的深加工、再生金属资源化和“三废”资源化、无污染冶金、冶金过程热力学和动力学、机械活化冶金、膜科学与技术在冶金中的应用基础、冶金电化学新前沿、熔盐电解、冶金过程和设备的数字仿真与优化、传感器与自动控制等。

TMS2007年会于2月25日至3月1日在美国佛罗里达州奥兰多市举行。作者在参加本次TMS年会并阅读会议有关出版物的基础上,介绍了氧化铝、铝电解、镁业技术以及钛技术创新方面的亮点,并将《Light Metals 2007》中氧化铝与铝土矿、铝电解技术和电极技术三部分的论文目录翻译后以附录给出。

An improved pyroconductivity test device, consisting of a specially constructed airtight furnace and a potentiostat, was constructed based on the conventional direct current fourelectrode technique. Symmetrical current distribution in the specimen was obtained by keeping a fixed pressure and good electrical contact between the specimen and the electrodes at any temperature. The potentiostat was used to supply direct current and continuously monitor the current intensity and voltage drop, which could be adjusted outside the heating furnace to give good contact with the specimen. Test results of graphite specimens showed that the reliability and reproducibility were excellent. The electrical conductivity as a function of temperature for various spinel-containing cermet inert anodes was investigated, spanning the Hall-H

Ni-NiO-NiFe2O4 cermets with different NiO and Ni contents were prepared and their corrosion behaviors in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts were investigated in laboratory electrolysis tests. The solubilities of NiO-NiFe2O4 ceramics with different NiO contents were also determined by an equilibration technique. The electrolysis tests showed that excess NiO was beneficial to the reduction of Fe while had little effect on that of Ni in the bath; the steady-state concentrations of Ni, Fe were below the solubilities of corresponding NiO-NiFe2O4 ceramic matrix. The increase of Ni content in cermets had little influence on the steady-state concentrations of both Ni and Fe, which were also far below their solubilities. Post-electrolysis micro examination of anodes showed that Ni metal may be oxidized first and then transferred to the melts by chemical dissolution. Moreover, the impurity ions transferred directionally and gathered near cathode, forming a concentration gradient; such a gradient was affected by a variety of factors and requires further researches.

Cu/(10NiO-90NiFe2O4) cermet inert anodes with metal Cu content of 0,5,10,15 and 20% were prepared and their corrosion behavior in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts was investigated in laboratory electrolysis tests. The results indicate that the content of metal Cu in anodes had little effects on the steady-state concentrations of Ni in electrolyte, the concentration of Fe decreases from 304ppm to 206ppm and that of Cu increases from 21ppm to 70ppm with the content of metal Cu increasing from 0 to 20%. Considering the corrosion resistance, among NiFe2O4 based cermet anodes with different content of metal Cu, 5Cu/(10NiO-90NiFe2O4) cermet behaves best and should be further studied. Post-examination shows that metal Cu at the anode surface is oxidized, which improve its corrosion resistance, and doesn’t leach preferentially during electrolysis.

NiFe2O4-based cermet inert anodes with metallic phase compositions of Cu, Ni and 85Cu15Ni were prepared by cold pressing-sintering. Their corrosion resistance was also investigated in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts. The results show that the metallic phase species in cermets have no effect on the concentration of impurities in bath during electrolysis, the total steady-state concent ration of impurities is almost the same, i. e. between 4.12

The concept of ambient temperature curable TiB2 cathode coating was put forward, and the ambient temperature curable TiB2 cathode coating was prepared successfully. Differing from the previous TiB2 cathode coating solidified approximately at 200 ℃, the ambient temperature curable TiB2 cathode coating can be solidified at room temperature, so the heating equipment is not necessary, which simplifies the preparation process and facilitates the industrial application of TiB2 cathode coating. Many kinds of resin and curing agent were investigated. On the above-mentioned basis, the ambient temperature curable TiB2 cathode coating was prepared with furan resin 5500 mixed with complex resins B as carbon binder and DXG1 as curing agent in 24h. The results show that the properties of prepared coating are excellent, the electrical resistivity is 29.8 μΩ·m, the compressive strength is 33. 6 MPa, which are all better than the relevant properties of partially graphitized cathode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis prescribed by the GB 8744-88. SEM morphologies show that the section morphology of the TiB2 coating is unaltered during the electrolysis test, the TiB2 coating can be used in aluminum electrolysis industry to save energy and prolong the life of aluminum electrolysis cell.

The anodic over-voltage of the carbon anode in aluminum electrolysis is of the order of 0.6V at normal current densities. However, it can be reduced somewhat by doping the anode carbon with various inorganic compounds. A new apparatus was designed to improve the precision of overvoltage measurements. Anodes were doped with MgAI2O4 and AIF3 both by impregnation of the coke and by adding powder, and the measured overvoltage was compared with that of undoped samples. For prebake type anodes baked at around 1150℃, the anodic overvoltage was reduced by 40-60mV, and for Soderbery tpye anodes, baked at 950℃, by 60-80mV

The total cathode voltage drop(CVD) takes a percentage of about 7-9 of the overall cell voltage for a modern Hall-Heroult cell running at 320kA or 350kA. It represents a significant fraction of the cell's overall power consumption. A nonlinear electric contact model based on finite element method was set up which was successfully used in the analysis of CVD in Hall-Heroult cells, including the analysis of the impacts of graphite content, cathodic structure and ledge growth/muck formation on CVD. Results show that CVD can be reduced about 70 mV if semi-graphitic blocks are replaced by graphitized blocks. A cathode block structure with two full-length collector bars shows not much cathode drop advantage compared to two split bars. CVD increases with longer ledge extended across the cathode and is affected slightly by muck coverage on the cathode

With the development of network and control systems, the amount of data acquired and stored in aluminum electrolysis control systems has been growing continuously. How to effectively mine useful information hiding in these data is an attractive research topic that will help to enhance the functions of the control systems. In this paper data warehouse and data mining concepts were introduced into an existing aluminum electrolysis control systems and a data-mining tool called as “aluminum electrolysis data miner” was developed. It consists of three core mining components: the gray association analysis, the cluster analysis based on connected components and the offset coefficient analysis. For different uses and from different profiles, these component models analyze the data stored in a control system thoroughly, thus obtaining knowledge that reflects the status of every pot in a potline, adjusting various operating and control parameters online and providing decision support for operators.