The enzymatic activities of wheat germ lipase (WGL) (EC.3.1.1.3; triacylglycerol hydrolase) in water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsions of sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/cyclohexane/water have been investigated by using triolein as the substrate through measurements of absorbency of the product of hydrolysis at the wavelength of 707 nm in the course of reactions. Maximum enzyme activity was obtained at ω0 (molar ratio of water to surfactant)=9, pH=7.4 and T=40℃. The activation energy of the reaction was calculated from the Arrhenius plot. It was found that the hydrolysis reaction obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in the investigated concentration range (0.01-0.15 mol/l) of the substrate, and the apparent Michaelis constant Km,a and the apparent maximal reaction rate Vm were determined. The stability of wheat germ lipase in w/o microemulsions was also examined and discussed.

The absorbance of crystal violet (CV) in a series of aqueous solutions and a series of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane/water microemulsions has been determined. Association models have been used to analyse the experimental data to obtain the association constants of CV and AOT in the above two media. It was found that about up to 57% CV was associated by AOT in OT/isooctane/water microemulsions, which reduced the reaction rate of alkaline fading of crystal violet in the microemulsions.

A three-component microemulsion system can be regarded as a pseudobinary mixture at certain conditions. The coexistence curves of (T, n), (T,φ), and (T, ψ) (n and are refractive index and volume fraction, respectively; ψ is defined as ψ=φ/[φ+φc(1-φ)/(1-φc)]) for a ternary microemulsion (AOT-waterdecane) at constant pressure and a constant ratio of water to AOT have been determined within about 10 K from the critical temperature by measurements of refractive index. The critical exponent β was deduced precisely from (T, n), (T,φ), and (T, ψ) coexistence curves within 1.5 K above Tc. These values were 0.327, 0.324, and 0.325, respectively, and were consistent with the 3D Ising exponent. The volume fraction is a better choice of the concentration variable than ψ used for construction of the order parameter to fit the Ising behavior.

The turbidities of four bimodal mixtures mixtures of polystyrene in methylcyclohexane have been mea-sured in the three-phase region near the tricritical point, The results fromt eight different wave-lengths have been analyzed to obtain the correlation lengths. and the susceptibilities χ.χ and are strongly correlated. so it is their ratio x/that is determined most precisely. As the tricritical point is approached, alt three quantities diverge, as expected from the classical mean-field theory. Al-though the uncerainties are larger than wished for. it appears that the Griffiths first sums ger in-creasingly larger as the tricritical point is approached, and probably diverge in the same way as has been observed for other tricritical systems.

Coexistence curves for the ternary system polystyrene (1)+polystyrene (2)+methylcyclohexane have been determined from measurements of refractive index. The polystyrene fraction of longer chain length was the same in all the measurements (M2=929000), but the shorter chain length fractions were varied (M1=13700, 23700, 29400, and 34000). The coexistence curves (in terms of total mass fraction of polymer) can be fitted to the same extended (classical) theory used in previous studies of quasi-binary hydrocarbon mixtures and can be extrapolated to a tricritical point at M2/M1=23 (M1=40000) and 36℃.

The power-law dependences of critical amplitudes either on the molar volume of cycloalkane or on the interaction parameter per unit volume for coexistence curve, correlation length and susceptibility have been derived from a Landau-Ginsburg-Wilson model and the Scatchard-Hildebrand theory for solutions of cycloalkanes in a polar solvent. Coexistence curves of (T, n), (T, x) and (T, φ), where n, x, andφare refractive index, mole fraction and volume fraction respectively, for the binary mixtures of methylcyclopentane and cycloheptane in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) have been determined in the critical regions by measurements of n. The critical amplitude B and the critical exponent b have been deduced. The experimental results reported in this work and previous work are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.

分别测量了结晶紫（CV）在一系列水溶液中和在一系列以双一2一乙基已基硫代琥珀酸钠（AOT）为表面活性剂的油包水微乳液体系中的吸光度，用缔合模型处理实验数据，得到缔合平衡常数，发现在溶液中有高达57%的CV与AOT形成缔合物，这可能是结晶紫碱性褪色反应在含阴离子表面活性剂的微乳液体系中受禁阻的原因。