郑国锠
生物学
个性化签名
- 姓名:郑国锠
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学术头衔:
博士生导师, 中国科学院院士
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学科领域:
光学
- 研究兴趣:生物学
郑国锠,男,1914年3月生于江苏常熟。1943年毕业于重庆国立中央大学博物系,1950年底获得美国威斯康星大学博士学位。1980年被选为中国科学院学部委员(现院士、资深院士)。
历任兰州大学生物系教授、博士生导师、系主任、名誉系主任,中国科学院成都生物研究所学术委员兼研究员,杭州大学生物系客座教授。曾任国务院第一届学位委员会学科组成员,中国细胞生物学会副理事长、细胞生物学教学委员会主任委员,中国植物学会常务理事、植物细胞学专业委员会主任委员,中国大百科全书生物学卷委员,《细胞学》副主编,国家教委高校理科生物学教材编审委员会委员、细胞生物学编审组组长。《植物学报》、《实验生物学报》、《西北植物学报》、《应用与环境生物学报》编委,《细胞生物学进展》主编,第三、四、五届全国人大代表,甘肃省科协副主席。
长期从事生物学教学和科研工作。在教学工作方面,1978年授命编写《细胞生物学》高校教材和草拟《细胞生物学》教学大纲,1980年《细胞生物学》出版,连续印了8万余册,1992年又出第2版,已重印3次。1980年在国内首创细胞生物学专业,举办了全国细胞生物学师资讲习班和实验课班,培养了大量人才。在科学研究方面,发表的有关植物体细胞染色体减数的论文提出的体细胞同源染色体在前期分离,后期形成双纺锤体,最后形成为4个单倍核,是国际细胞学界公认为体细胞内出现的染色体减数机理之一对细胞融合(Cytomixis)的研究,首先肯定花粉母细胞间染色质穿壁运动是自发正常生理现象,发现核液运动和收缩蛋白与染色质穿壁运动有密切关系,而染色质穿壁运动后出现的染色体突变又与核型进化和B染色体的起源有关。
1987年《细胞生物学》和《生物显微技术》获国家教委优秀教材一等奖、省教委优秀教材一等奖。1985年和1986年2次获得国家教委科技进步二等奖。1999年荣获全国归侨侨眷先进个人称号,同年,获全国先进科普工作者称号。2003年获何梁何利进步奖。
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郑国锠
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-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Relationship between tissue culture and agronomic traits of spring wheat
郑国锠
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-1年11月30日
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郑国锠
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-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】In vitro micropropagation of a medicinal plant species Sophoraflavescens
郑国锠, D.L. ZHAO*, **, G.Q. GUO*, X.Y. WANG*' and G.C. ZHENG*
BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 47 (1): 117-120, 2003/4,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A micro-propagating system based on the young stem node segments of Sophora flavescens Ait. (Fabaceae) was established. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 8.88μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) plus 2.69μM a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and that with only 5.37μM NAA were found the best in promoting proliferation of shoots and induction of root, respectively. Percentages of shoot induction and number of shoot per explant were up to 93.4% and 4.2 and rooting rate to 82.4%, respectively. The segments of the regenerated shoots could be continuously induced to reproduce new shoots through subculture on the same medium in 30-d intervals and still kept this activity after being subcultured for 6 generations. After the regenerated plantlets were transplanted to field, they grew well, showing no any visible abnormalities.
auxins,, multiple shoot formation,, rooting
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【期刊论文】Effect of 6-benzyladenine and casein hydrolysate on micropropagation of Amorpha fruticosa
郑国锠, H.H. GAO, W. LI*, J. YANG, Y. WANG, G.Q. GUO and G.C. ZHENG
BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 47 (1): 145-148, 2003/4,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Using apical and axillary nodes as explants, a rapid and efficient method for propagation of Amorphafruticosa L. has been developed. When grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 8mg dm-3 benzyladenine, 100% explants responded with 4.94 shoots per explant after 6-weeks culture, and explants taken from the in vitro proliferated shoots subsequently produced multiple shoots when cultured on the same medium. The addition of casein hydrolysate (200mg dm"3) enhanced the number of shoots up to 8.77 per subculture, and coconut milk was found to promote the shoot elongation and make them grow more vigorously. 82.53% excised shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 2.0mg dm"3 indoleacetic acid after 3 weeks of incubation. After acclimatization, all of the rooted plantlets established in soil, exhibiting uniform morphological and growth characteristics.
acclimatization,, false indigo,, growth regulators,, in vitro cultivation,, plant regeneration.,
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郑国锠, Z. Hu
Plant Cell Rep (2002) 21: 233-237,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
We have developed a reliable and high-frequency system of transformation and regeneration via somatic embryogenesis (SE) of Lycium barbarum. Leaf segments were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101 (pIG121Hm) carrying the neomycin phosphotransferase II gene as a selectable marker and an intron-β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene as a reporter marker. On the medium for callus-induction, which contained 50mg l-1 kanamycin (Km), approximately 60% of the explants produced kanamycin-resistant (KmR) calli. After three subcultures on the same selective medium, KmR calli were transferred onto SE induction medium containing 25mg l-1Km, where they produced numerous somatic embryos (166 g-1fresh weight callus) that subsequently developed into KmR plantlets. Compared with the untransformed control calli, the transformed calli maintained their higher frequency of SE up to 16 months after transformation. GUS staining and polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analyses confirmed the integration of the T-DNA into the plant genome.
Lycium barbarum
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郑国锠, Guanq-Qin Guo*, Guo-Chang Zheng
Journal of Theoretical Biology 229(2004)139-146,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
In oogamous reproduction of multicellular organisms, a striking phenomenon is the prevailing synchronous development of male germ cells connected by wide intercellular bridges (IBs, 0.1-2mm), which is well conservedin both animal andplant species ranging from algae to human. In the literature, IBs are believed either to allow genetically segregated haploid spermatids to share diploid gene products after meiosis, or to mediate rapid transfer of some vital signals or nutrients. Although intercellular sharing of gene transcripts has experimental evidences, these hypotheses are still not satisfactory. To explore the unknown roles of IB, we assume that developing male germ cells may be especially sensitive to stochastic gene expression to become heterogeneous. To achieve best gamete quality, such heterogeneity must be eliminated so that relatively uniform gametes with normal functions can be produced. Development within a common syncytium may be the only way for this purpose. The process may require not only the intercellular exchange of a few molecular signals but also the mixing of protoplasm between the connectedcells so that they have similar levels/states of mRNAs, proteins andorganelles, which can be achievedonly through wide IBs. This hypothesis can explain some quite intriguing aspects of male gametogenesis and provide unique predictions that can be tested experimentally.
Male germ cell, Intercellular bridge, Cytomixis, Gamete quality, Synchrony
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郑国锠
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-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Agrobacterium-mediated transformation: state of the art and future prospect
郑国锠, LI Wei, GUO Guangqin & ZHENG Guochang
Chinese Science Bulletin Vol. 45 No.17 September 2000,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Great progress has been made in recent years in studies on the mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and its application. Many details of the key molecular events within the bacterial cells involved in T-DNA transfer have been elucidated, and it is notable that some plant factors which were elusive before are purified and characterized. Vast kinds of species, which were either recalcitrant to or not included in the host range of Agrobacterium, can now be transformed by this bacterium, and they include the very important cereal species, gymnosperms, yeast and many filamentous fungi. The simple in vivo transformation of tissue in intact plants and the "agrolistic" methods to transform recalcitrant plants are the two novel technical achievements. Combined with other powerful techniques such as bacterial artificial chromosome, very large DNA fragment can be transformed into the plant genome by Agrobacterium. Further studies will elucidate more plant-encoded factors involved in T-DNA transformation and there is a need to develop more powerful Agrobacterium-based transformation systems to meet different needs in basic research and crop improvement practice.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation,, fungi,, monocots,, large DNA fragment.,
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郑国锠, Zhong Hu, Guang-Qin Guo, Dong-Li Zhao, Li-Hua Li, and Guo-Chang Zheng
Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 48, No.4, 2001, pp. 453-458. From Fiziologiya Rastenii, Vol. 48, No.4, 2001, pp. 529-535.,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A method for fast plant regeneration via organogenesis directly from Lycium barbarum leaf explants has been developed. The key factor for shoot regeneration was the presence of benzyladenine (BA) in the medium. NAA could only induce root formation and explant callusing. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2mg/l BA and 0.5mg/l NAA is the most efficient condition for shoot formation, with up to 92.6% shoot regeneration and no callus formation. All adventitious shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l IAA formed an extensive root system. Regenerated plants were morphologically normal and were also proved to be diploid (2n=24). Using the optimized regeneration system, the genetic transformation of L. barbarum was carried out mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101(pIG121Hm). 11.8% leaf explants produced kanamycin-resistant shoots after infection by A. tumefaciens. The putative transgenic nature of plants was confirmed by GUS assay and PCR analysis. Expression of the nptⅡ gene in the regenerated plants was also detected by observing the callus formation by leaf pieces on MS medium containing 0.2mg/l 2,4-D and 0-100mg/l kanamycin.
Lycium barbarum-shoot regeneration-genetic transformation
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