本文应用大鼠外周血G0期淋巴细胞核异常测试法对铬的诱变效应进行了研究。实验结果表明，不同价态铬具有不同的诱变性。与常用的短期致突变测试法的实验结果相一致，本方法作为环境诱变剂的短期初筛试验有推广应用的价值。

The micronucleus test and sister-chromatic exchange (SCE) test were used to research the antimutagenic effect of pine needle extract. The results showed that the mutagenic effect of cyclophosphamide (CP) was inhibited by the pine needle extract. The micronucleus frequencies (MNF) of mouse bone marrow and human lymphocytes from peripheral blood were decreased with the effect of the extract (the dose was 2000mg/kg or 5mg/ml); the frequency of SCE in human lymphocytes was also reduced significantly, which indicated that the MNF and the SCE frequencies were negatively correlated with the dose of pine needle extract (r=-0.9782, -0.9587, -0.9765, respectively). This suggested that the pine needle extract was an effective antimutagen and it is important to choose the proper doses of pine needle extract for antitumor effect.

Environmental pollution with organic compounds has increased at the city of Shenyang in the Northeast China due to the rapid development of petrochemical industry. Approximately several hundred thousand tons of wastewater were discharged into the Xi River per day. The water was seriously polluted, which affected adversely public health and industrial and aqricultural supplies. Epidemic disease investigation and animal test data show that some organic compounds have mutagenic effects. This paper presented the research of mutagenicity of concentrated organic pollutants and their active components in the Xi River by the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test.

Mutagenicity of surface water in Lake Taihu was monitored by genotoxicological methods. The goal is to determine the situation concerning the contamination by mutagens, their distribution in the lake, and the potential effect on public health. In this study, the micronucleus test of Vicia.faba root tip, a standard monitoring technique now in China, was carried out to make a preliminary screening of environmental mutagens in 39 representative sites of the lake. Highly significant differences in MCN permillage (average number of micronuclei per 1000 cells) and PI (pollution index) values were found among these sites. From the results, a rough distribution of the contamination could be obtained: mainly concentrated in the north-west area of the lake from several tributaries flowing into the lake. In order to provide further evidence, organic extracts from four entrances and one outlet of the five major tributaries were examined by the micronucleus test of human peripheral lymphocytes. The results were in accord with those of the micronucleus tests using Vicia faba. The tests also revealed that the intensity and mechanis m of the pollutants were diverse in the different sources.

本文用不同剂量的MMC处理大鼠外周血，放置18小时后直接制备淋巴细胞血涂片，进行观察。实验结果表明，MMC可诱发G0期淋巴细胞的核损伤。本实验对各种核损伤指标进行了比较研究，发现微核、核变形和核碎裂等指标与MMC剂量间有很好的相关性。作者认为，大鼠外周血G0期淋巴细胞核异常测试法比传统的微核测试法更敏感。合理，在致突变试验中可作为初筛的体外短期测试法，值得进一步研究。

采用斑马鱼和鲫鱼作为生物材料，分别研究了兽药添加剂阿散酸和土霉素对斑马鱼的急性毒性及对鲫鱼肾细胞DNA损伤。急性毒性试验表明，阿散酸和土霉素的斑马鱼96hLCso分别为520.747和1341.764mg·L-1。彗星试验结果表明，阿散酸引起的DNA损伤较小，与阴性对照相比无显著性差异（P>0.05）；而土霉素能引起较大的DNA损伤，与阴性对照相比均有极显著性差异（P<0.01）

Earrhworms test animats, were exposed in different concentrations of two pesticides: 1-(6 chloro-3-pyridinylmthyl)-N-nitromidazoliding-2-ylideneamin and 2'benzoyi-l'-tert-butylbenzoylhydrazinc. The acute toxicity of thee two pesticides was measured as median lethal concentration values(LC50) of earth worms. Tests of three different exposure systems were performed: the comact filter paper bicossay, the immersion bidets.my and the artificial soil bioassay. The results indicated that the two new type Pesticides showed vaious toxic effects through different exposure paths. The LC50 of 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridinymethyl)-N-nitromidazolidin-2-ytideneamine was 0.034ug

应用单细胞凝胶电泳技术，研究了酚类化合物对不同组织细胞DNA的损伤。试验结果表明，酚类化合物均能引起不同组织细胞不同程度的DNA损伤，并呈现剂量效应关系。其高剂量组与对照组相比，均有极显著性差异（P<0.01）。不同组织细胞对同一种药物呈现出不同的敏感性。酚类化合物遗传毒性效应与其结构密切相关。

目的研究氰基酚类化合物对人外周血淋巴细胞及小鼠脾脏细胞DNA的损伤效应。方法选用人淋巴细胞动及小鼠牌脏细咆进行研究。暴露时间为1h。应用单缃胞凝胶电泳技术，计算细胞损伤率及专用单位。结果3种氨基酚 类化合物均能引起两种细胞不同程度的DNA损伤，高剂量组与刚性对照组相比，差异均有显著性（P＜0.05）。其中对氨基酚的毒性高于邻氨基酌和间氨基酚，其损伤的程度随剂量的增加而增加。结论与小鼠脾脏细胞相比，人外周血淋巴细胞的敏感性较强，更能直接反映氨基酚类化合物对人群的遗传毒性。