The photochemical degradation and dechlorination of 2-chlorophenol (2CP) (0.1 g/L) dissolved in surfactant solutions has been studied. The initial degradation and dechlorination of 2CP followed apparent first-order kinetics in nearly all the test solutions. The quantum yields of 2CP degradation and dechlorination were enhanced in the presence of nonionic surfactant Brij 35 and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A larger enhancement was observed at surfactant concentrations greater than the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and was attributed to partitioning of 2CP into the micelles. Furthermore, the study of 2CP photolysis in hexane, methanol, and dimethoxyethane suggested that the surfactant can serve as a hydrogen atom source in promoting 2CP degradation. Two 2CP phototransformation pathways in surfactant solutions were identified. The electronically excited anionic form of 2CP led to cyclopentadienecarboxylic acid formation through a ring contraction via the Wolff rearrangement. Electronic excitation of the undissociated form of 2CP led to the formation of catechol via a nucleophilic displacement of chloride in the presence of water. Phenol also observed as a photoproduct in non-nucleophilic solvents that can act as hydrogen atom donors. Phenol was also demonstrated to sensitize the 2CP transformation to phenol in micellar media.

对表面活性剂溶液中多氯联苯的溶解特性进行了研究.发现非离子型表面活性剂对多氯联苯增溶效果优于阴离子型表面活性剂;在浓度大于临界胶束浓度（CMC）范畴，不但表面活性剂的增溶效果远较其浓度低于CMC时为佳，而且表面活性剂浓度与多氯联苯的溶解度成正比地线性相关，此结果说明，表面活性剂主要通过形成胶束来增加多氯联苯的溶解度.多氯联苯在非离子型表面活性剂胶束溶液中与在正己烷中的紫外-可见光谱相似，进一步说明胶束内的多氯联苯分子主要分布于类似正己烷的疏水胶核区域.在十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯（10）醚溶液中，所试多氯联苯的辛醇-水分配系数（Kow）与其胶束-水分配系数（Km）存在很好的线性相关关系.

A synthetic wa stewater containing phenol a s sole substrate wa s treated in a 218 L upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor at ambient temperature. The operation conditions and phenol removal efficiency were discus sed, microbial population in the UASB sludge wa s identified ba sed on DNA cloning, and pathway of anaerobic phenol degradation wa s propo sed. Phenol in wa stewater was degraded in an UASB reactor at loading rate up to 18g CODP (L•d), with a 1:1 recycle ratio, at 26±1℃, pH 710-715. An UASB reactor was able to remove 99% of phenol up to 1226 mgPL in wa stewater with 24h of hydraulic retention time (HRT). For HRT below 24h, phenol degradation efficiency decrea sed with HRT, from 9514% at 16h to 9318% at 12h. It further deteriorated to 8815% when HRT reached 8h. When the concentration of influent phenol of the reactor was 1260 mgPL (corre sponding COD 3000mgPL), with the HRT decrea sing (from 40h to 4h, corre sponding COD loading increa sing), the biomas syields tended to increa se from 01265 to 3108g P(L•d). While at 12h of HRT, the biomas syield was lower. When HRT was 12h, the methane yield was 01308 LP (gCOD removed), which was the highest. Throughout the study, phenol was the sole organic substrate. The effluent contained only re sidual phenol without any detectable intermediates, such as benzoate, 42hydrobenzoate or volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Ba sed on DNA cloning analysis, the sludge was compo sed of five groups of microorganisms. De sulfotomaculum and Clo stridium were likely responsible for the conversion of phenol to benzoate, which was further degraded by Syntrophus to acetate and H-PCO2. Methanogens la stly converted acetate and H2 PCO2 to methane. The role of epsilon-Proteobacteria was, however, unsure.

对光降解非离子型表面活性剂（十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯（10）醚）胶束溶液中的2，2'，4，4'2四氯联苯进行了研究.在紫外光（254nm）辐照下，四氯联苯的光解产物经检测确定为含氯较少的多氯联苯：2，4，4'2三氯联苯，4，4'2二氯联苯、42氯联苯、联苯及Cl-，并且2，2'，4，4'2四氯联苯与其产物之间存在很好的质量平衡.以上结果表明，从邻位氯原子开始的逐步脱氯反应为所试四氯联苯的主要光解途径。

随着生活水平的提高，人们不但对饮用水的水质，而且对饮用水的味感提出了更高的要求。分析了引起水中不良味感的主要因素，讨论并比较了饮用水味感的检测与评价方法及其特点，提出了今后饮用水味感研究急需解决的问题。

多氯联苯（PCBs）为一类在环境中广泛分布且难以降解的持久性有机污染物。利用表面活性剂亲油和亲水的两亲特性，将多氯联苯从土壤中洗脱出来，从而修复受污染土壤是当前环境研究的热点之一。文章综述了近年来国内外使用表面活性剂溶液修复多氯联苯污染土壤的研究进展。表面活性剂对土壤中多氯联苯的洗脱作用主要是：（1）表面活性剂通过减小液-固之间的表面张力，将阻塞在土壤孔隙中的多氯联苯分散到溶液中来；（2）表面活性剂通过形成胶束，促使多氯联苯从土壤中重新分配到疏水的胶束核中。洗脱效果与表面活性剂种类、性质、质量浓度及土壤成份有关，通常非离子型表面活性剂效果较好，对多氯联苯的洗脱可达86%。含多氯联苯洗脱液可利用生物降解、紫外光照射及焚烧等方法进行后续处理。

研究了用城市污水处理厂脱水污泥烧制地砖的抗压性能及其主要影响因素。试验表明：烧制成品抗压强度随着污泥含量及颗粒粒径的增加而显著下降，随含水率、压制压强的增加而增加。采用复合材料结构可提高烧制成品的抗压强度。研究结果显示：污水污泥烧制地砖具有可行性。