A Mesozoic foreland-basin complex formed along the northern Yangtze plate during subduction of this plate under the Qinling-Dabieshan orogenic belt along the Mianlue suture. As the Yangtze plate moved northwestwards and was obliquely subducted under the Qinling–Dabieshan (Middle-Late Triassic), a flysch foredeep developed in the Diebu-Songpan in the western part of the northern Yangtze plate. During the Late Triassic, a nonmarine molasse basin first formed in the eastern part of the northern Yangtze plate in response to initial collision there. This molasse clastic wedge prograded over the former marine basin and was accompanied by a change from high-sinuosity river systems flowing into basinal lakes, to higher gradient braidplains. Complete oceanic closure along the Mianlue suture during the Middle Jurassic produced a more extensive east-west molasse basin with rivers, deltas and lakes. During Late Jurassic through Early Cretaceous, the depocenter of the nonmarine molasse basin migrated continually from east to west because of intracontinental deformation associated with clockwise rotation of the Yangtze plate relative to the North China plate. In this time interval, the basin was again dominated by fluvial and lake-delta deposition and rivers continued to disperse sediments southwards into the basin.

数字高程模型（DEM）是人们研究地表过程、构造地貌的一种行之有效的方法和手段。DEM是地形表面的数字表达，易于三维可视化和统计分析。DEM作为一种空间数据，可以进行各种空间分析，编制平均高程图、山顶面图、谷地面图、局部地形图、平均坡度图和剖面图，从而有效地显示地形特征，预测地表侵蚀量和地形发展趋势。特定盆地充填面的DEM分析是探讨特定地质时期（新生代）以来地表由沉积转入侵蚀、沉积之后隆升过程、隆升速率和剥蚀量、剥蚀速率等地表过程的有效手段，它与大地构造、深部地球物理相结合，可以揭示隆升机制和大陆动力学背景。低起伏侵蚀面的DEM分析有利于定量揭示山脉夷平面分布，结合基岩地质等其他资料综合分析，可揭示侵蚀面的成因，揭示大地构造与地表过程相互关系是未来研究的主要目标之一。

第32届国际地质大会通过按地域和构造作用过程等形式划分11个专题会场，展示了地球动力学的研究成果。其成果主要包括特提斯域构造演化及其不同阶段的块体裂解、拼合及后期改造的细节过程，地质历史中的超大陆分布和成因，俯冲—碰撞带深部构造和变质机制，安第斯山（Andes）缓倾角平坦式俯冲过程及其地壳变形和岩浆作用的响应，显微构造对动力作用过程的影响和控制，地壳和上地幔熔融、流变学和动力学意义，大洋岩石圈构造与演化，大陆地盾区构造和再活动，稳定大陆区地震，空间大地测量学和现代板块运动等方面。这些研究成果充分显示了地球动力学研究具有多学科、多手段（如古地磁、超深钻、地球物理、大地测量和GPS等）、多尺度（宏观、微观）和多时期、全面、综合、并逐步接近定时、定位和定量地探索和研究的特点，它从地球（主要为上地幔和地壳）的组成、结构构造入手，逐步认识地球（主要为地球岩石圈）的演化和动力学。

承德地区滦平-承德和大杖子-新城子晚侏罗世沉积盆地带分别与丰宁-隆化逆冲带和尚义-平泉逆冲带相邻。盆地充填的土城子组在垂向上可划分出三个主要由辫状河冲积平原及辫状河三角洲沉积体系组成的盆地相。沉积物岩屑和砾石成分统计表明，滦平-承德盆地北缘岩屑岩性相在垂向上表现出三个基底变质岩岩屑向上增多的旋回，而滦平-承德盆地南缘及大杖子-新城子盆地则由碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩岩屑表现出三个向上增多的旋回。盆地沉积学特征表明，滦平-承德盆地南北边缘分别受控于尚义-平泉北缘和丰宁-隆化逆冲带，而大杖子-新城子盆地受控于尚义-平泉南缘逆冲带。如果承德断层发生了长距离逆冲推覆活动，其活动时间绝非土城子组同沉积期和之后，应该发生于髫髻山组沉积之后和土城子组沉积之前。盆地中三个岩屑岩性相旋回和盆地相旋回共同地反映了盆缘逆冲带三次抬升剥露过程。

燕山地区中生代盆地经历了重要的构造变革，由前晚三叠世台缘克拉通盆地转变为晚三叠世至晚侏罗世挠曲盆地，进而再次转变为晚侏罗世晚期至早白垩世裂谷盆地。晚三叠世和晚侏罗世响应两次板内强变形作用，分别沿逆冲带边缘沉积了杏石口组和土城子组粗碎屑冲积体系；早白垩世受转换伸展断层控制，盆地充填以扇三角洲一湖泊体系为主。晚三叠世挠曲盆地的沉积碎屑成分反映了源区元古界和太古界地层的剥露过程；而晚侏罗世挠曲盆地则反映了源区受早期沉积覆盖的火山碎屑岩的剥蚀及其基底岩石的剥露过程。原型盆地再造结果显示，早侏罗世至晚侏罗世早期盆地展布具有向近北东东向和近东西向迁移的趋势；早白垩世盆地呈北北东向横跨于前期盆地之上。两期盆地分别受控于不同的构造体制。

The Mesozoic basins in Yanshan, China underwent several important tectonic transformations, including changes from a pre-Late Triassic marginal cratonic basin to a Late Triassic-Late Jurassic flexural basin and then to a late Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rift basin. In response to two violent intraplate deformation at Late Triassic and Late Jurassic, coarse fluvial depositional systems in Xingshikou and Tuchengzi Formations were deposited in front of thrust belts. Controlled by transform and extension faulting, fan deltas and lacustrine systems were deposited in Early Cretaceous basins. The composition of clastic debris in Late Triassic and Late Jurassic flexural basins respectively represents unroofing processes from Proterozoic to Archean and from early deposited, overlying pyroclastic rocks to basement rocks in provenance areas. Restored protobasins were gradually migrated toward nearly NEE to EW-trending from Early Jurassic to early Late Jurassic. The Early Cretaceous basins with a NNE-trending crossed over early-formed basins. The Early-Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous basins were respectively controlled by different tectonic mechanisms.

[1] The Dabieshan orogenic belt is a zone of longlived shortening with late-stage extension that formed during Mesozoic time in central China. Regional basin analysis coupled with structural cross sections provides a means of reconstructing the paleogeography of the region from Triassic continental collision through early Tertiary extension. The overall distribution of different basin types in the orogenic belt indicates that there was a prolonged period of shortening throughout the Mesozoic that became less intense over time. Meanwhile, extension became more common from Jurassic into Tertiary time. Either compression or extension was isochronous but limited to different geographic regions and/or crustal levels or alternated repeatedly orogen-wide through time. Nonetheless, the orogen underwent gradual transition from overall shortening and crustal thickening to dominantly extension and rift basin formation although these events overlapped in time from the Jurassic through Early Cretaceous. Penecontemporaneous compression and extension across the orogen may reflect long-term (>100 m.y.) shortening and crustal thickening leading to gravitational spreading of the resultant thick crustal welt. We suspect that this prolonged history of shortening across two nearby (100 km apart) suture zones played some role in the exhumation of ltrahighpressure rocks from beneath the Dabieshan.

通过对金寨县三尖铺组和凤凰台组沉积剖面中花岗岩砾石岩石化学和同位素年代学分析证明，作为合肥盆地主要物源区的大别山或北淮阳地区原始存在同碰撞造山后的花岗岩砾石样品错石U-Pb不一致性下交点年龄为214Ma左右、白云母40Ar/39Ar年龄为196Ma左右、钾长石K-Ar年龄为181Ma左右。前者可能为花岗岩的成岩年龄，后两者为样品中白云母和钾长石的同位素封闭年龄，而沉积剖面中大量出现花岗岩砾石的沉积岩年龄应代表了岩体剥露于地表的最小年龄值，取166Ma。由此，计算出岩体自214Ma形成后，晚三叠世至中侏罗世初期经历了早期缓慢隆升和后期快速隆升，隆升速率分别为0.08和0.4～0.3km/Ma。这些结果与大别超高压变质岩带、北淮阳逆冲带隆升时期基本一致。

During the Late Triassic and Jurassic, three structural belts developed in the western Ordos Basin and adjacent regions of China: the Alxa compressive wedge, the Helanshan struc-tural belt and the Liupanshan fold and thrust belt. Three types of basin also developed: a Late Triassic composite basin with a northwestern Ordos rift sub-basin and a southwestern Ordos fore-land sub-basin; an Early-Middle Jurassic intracratonic basin; and a Late Jurassic foreland-type molasse wedge. It is suggested that these basins resulted from Late Triassic unconstrained lateral extrusion and Jurassic constrained lateral extrusion. The Alxa region is interpreted as an extru-sional wedge bounded by strike-slip deformation which escaped laterally from the indentation of the Liupanshan thrust belt from the south. During the Late Triassic the Sino-Korean Block to the east of Helanshan was controlled by a stress state with nearly E-W trending extension. At this stage extrusion was unconstrained. The Helanshan developed as a rift sub-basin due to trans-tensional tectonics at the lateral margin of the wedge. At this time, a foreland sub-basin was formed in front of the Liupanshan thrust belt. During the Jurassic, the Sino-Korean Block to the east of the Helanshan was gradually compressed westwards and the extrusion structure became constrained. The Early-Middle Jurassic shows a transitional stage from unconstrained to con-strained extrusion, and the Ordos Basin developed as an intracratonic basin. From the latest Middle Jurassic: to the Late Jurassic, intense lateral escape and opposite compression led to the formation of the Helanshan fold and thrust belt and its frontal foreland molasse wedge. At the same time another foreland molasse wedge was developed in front of the Liupanshan thrust belt. The switch from rifting to thrusting in the Helanshan is a result of the changing stress field at theCircum-Pacific plate boundary, the clockwise rotation of the Sino-Korean Block to the east ofthe Helanshan and the anticlockwise rotation of the Alxa Block.