越来越多的煤矿和金属矿进入深部开采。随着开采深度的增加，一系列工程灾害如岩爆、煤与瓦斯突出、顶板垮落、底板突水等日益严重，且深部开采中巷道与采场的维护理论也与浅部有十分明显的区别，人们认识到这种差别的根源在于岩石所处的赋仔环境上的差异，深部与浅部在赋仔环境上的簟别是所哨“三高”即高地府力、高地温和高孔隙水爪，尤其是高地府力条件下岩仃表现十分特殊的力学行为。简要介绍了深部开采现状、深部开采向临的技水难题以及深部岩体所处的高地府力环境，在此基础上，综述了深部高地府力条件下解“火岩石力学性质的研究进展，包括高适应力条件下岩石的脆-延转化特性、岩石的流变特性、岩石的强度特征、岩仃的破坏特征尤其是岩爆等。文章最指出深部条件下热-水-力耦合模型是一个值得关注的研究方向。

Many engineering problems such as exploitation of petroleum and gas, deposition of nuclear waste, and groundwater contamination by organic liquids are closely related to the movement of fluid in rocks. In this paper, a video microscope is employed to investigate the shape of moving front boundary of fluid flow in sandstone. The experimental results show that the fronts of the moving boundary display a fractal behavior. Based on the experimental results, a stochastic differential equation is proposed to describe the moving boundary. By decomposing the velocity of a given point into a drift term and a fluctuation term, the effect of the mesoscope structure of porous media on fluid flow is taken into account. The stochastic approach is in agreement with the experimental results. The analysis shows that the front of the moving boundary of fluid flow in rocks is a comprehensive result caused by the average tendency of fluid flow, which can be described by the classical Darcys Law, and the fluctuation tendency of fluid flow, which is closely related to the mesoscope structure of rocks.

A direct determination of the fractal dimensions of a fracture surface is essential for a better under-standing of its complete topographic characteristics. In this paper, a laser pro lometer is employed to measure the topography of a rock's fracture surface. With the use of the triangular prism surface area and projective covering methods, the resultant data set enables us to directly determine the fractal dimensions of a rock's fracture surface. Moreover, a new method, referred to as the cubic covering method, is proposed. The theoretical issues of fractal dimension estimation are also discussed.

The mechanical parameters of a rock fracture are dependent on its surface roughness anisotropy. In this Letter, we show how quantitatively describe the anisotropy of a rock fracture surface. A parameter, referred to as the index for the accumulation power spectral density psd*, is proposed to characterize the anisotropy of a rock fracture surface. Variation of psd*, with orientation angle θ of sampling, is also discusse.