Deformation-induced martensites in metastable austenite stainless steels affect their physical and chemical properties. Electrochemically induced annealing (EIA) is a recently discovered phenomenon. Although the reason why EIA treatment causes martensite to decrease or disappear is not clear, the effect of the martensite decrease or disappearance is supposed to be the same as that caused by heat-treatment annealing. The pitting resistance of the EIA-treated samples is compared with that of the untreated ones, through open-circuit potential, metallurgical microscope observation, and potentiodynamic scanning. The following results are obtained for the EIA-treated samples, after a 1.5-V anode charge in a 3.5 pct NaCl solution, as compared with the untreated samples: the deepest pit in the treated samples is far more shallow than the deepest pit in the untreated samples; there is far less pitting in the treated samples than in the untreated samples; and the largest pit in the treated samples is much smaller than the largest pit in the untreated samples. Initially, the open-circuit potential of the EIA-treated sample was 64 mV higher than that of the untreated one, but they reach close values after certain period of time. The pitting breakthrough potential, Eb, of the EIA-treated sample is about 0.2 V higher than that of the untreated one. Therefore, EIA is a method that has the potential to promote the pitting resistance of metastable austenite stainless steels.

氧化锆陶瓷由于性能优异, 已得到了广泛的应用. 氧化锆陶瓷的相变影响其性能, 为控制相变进而控制性能, 相变机理的研究至关重要. 用固体与分子经验电子理论计算了c-ZrO2、t-ZrO2 和m-ZrO2 的价电子结构, 得到形成它们强键骨架的共价键上的总共价电子对数分别为3.19184、3.45528 和3.79625. 按固相合金中的C-Me 偏聚理论的思想推测ZrO2 从高温到低温的相变顺序应为液相→c 相→t 相→m相. 从价电子结构进行的推断与实验结果完全一致,说明合金相变的电子理论可以扩展到陶瓷材料中.

以固体与分子经验电子理论（EET）和改进的Thomas-Fermi-Dirac(TFD)理论为基础，以合金奥氏体、合金马氏体及其界面为例，给出了相结构因子nA, FDC,S和界面结合因子ρ，△ρ，σ的计算方法。计算了常用合金元素在0.2%C和1.0%C钢中的相结构因子和界面结合因子，用相结构因子和界面结合因子阐述了强韧性良好的20CrNi3钢和20Cr2Ni4钢的强韧化机制和耐磨性极高的ZGMn13耐磨钢的耐磨机制，并用相结构因子和界面结合因子预言了一种强韧性更高的Cr-Ni-W-V-0.2%C钢。结果与实际符合良好。

Tempering is an important phenomenon in ferrous alloys. Most steels, especially alloying steels, are used after quenching and tempering. To design the composition of quenching and tempering steels, control the tempering process more effectively, improve the properties after tempering and realize the potentials of steels, the essence of tempering process and the properties of tempering products have to be understood. In this paper, the phase structure factors and interface conjunction factors of common alloying elements in cementite and its interface are calculated out. The relationships between these valence electron structure parameters and (i) the phenomena of martensite decomposition, (ii) transformation, gathering and growth of the carbides and (iii) the mechanical properties of tempering products are buitt up. The nature of the effect of alloying elements on tempering process and properties of tempering products is uncovered on the level of valence electron structure. One new theoretical foundation for alloy design is provided.

亚稳奥氏体不锈钢冷变形后产生形变诱发马氏体,影响其物理和化学性能. 对打磨后的亚稳奥氏体不锈钢进行了阳极60s～280s + 阴极30s～280s ,9h电脉冲处理. 用X 射线衍射分析、显微硬度测量、自腐蚀电位测量和金相分析等方法分析处理前后的马氏体含量、表面硬度、耐腐蚀性. 结果表明处理后表面马氏体均减少. 随脉冲宽度的不同,电脉冲处理可以诱发电化学退火,也可以导致马氏体优先腐蚀. 当发生电化学诱导退火时,不锈钢不仅在马氏体减少后仍可以保持高硬度,而且在含Cl-介质中的耐蚀性也提高.