从假橐吾全草中分离得到四对新的(1/2，3/4，5/6，7/8)和一对已知的(9/10)8，9-开环艾里莫芬内酯型倍半萜。每一对均为C-8位差向异构体。它们的结构通过波谱方法阐明并通过酰化或酯化分离后得到证实。活性筛选实验表明，1/2和3/4具有细胞毒活性。

A thorough investigation of Ligulariopsis shichuana afforded five new sesquiterpenes, including 1β, 10β-epoxy-3a-angeloyloxy-9β-acetoxy-8a, 11β-dihydroxybakkenolide (1), 1β, 7-dihydroxy-3β-acetoxy-noreremophil-6(7),9(10)-dien-8-one (2), 8a-hydroxy-3-oxoeremophil-1 (2),7(11), 9(10)-trien-813(12)-elide (3), 1β, 10β-dihydroxy-3β-acetoxyeremophil-7(11), 8 (9)-dien-8(12)-elide (4) and 1β, 10β-epoxy-8,12-dihy-droxy-3β-acetoxy-9β-angeloyloxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8, 12-disemiketal (5). Their structures were estab-lished by spectroscopic methods and 2D NMR techniques. In addition, bakkenolide (1) and eremophileno-lides (5) showed antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.

Two new acetylxylosides, ent-manool-13-O-β-D-2'-acetylxylopyranoside (1) and entmanool 13-O-β-D-2', 4'-diacetylxylopyranoside (2) were isolated from Aster veitchianus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

A new stigmasterol 3β, 7α, 22-trihydoxystigmast-5-ene (1) and a new eremophilenolide 8α-methoxy-6β-angeloyloxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8β, 12-olide-14-oic acid (2) were isolated from Ligularia dolichobotrys Diels. Their structures were deduced on the basis of spectral data.

Chemical investigation of the roots of Ligularia sagitta has resulted in the characterization of six eremophilenolides 6β,8βdimethoxy-1Oβ-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8a-olide (1), 6βan-geloyloxy-1Oβ-hydroxy-8β-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8a-olide (2), 6/3-(2'-methylbutanoyloxy)-10β-hydroxy-8β-methoxy-eremophil-7(11)-en-12,8a-olide (3), 6β-angeloyloxy-1Oβ-hydro-xy-8a-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8β-olide (4), 6β-(2'me-thylbutanoyloxy)-10β-hydroxy-8a-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12.8β-olide (5) and 8β. lOβ-dihvdroxv-6β-methoxveremoohil-7(ll)-en-12,8a-olide (6), together with one monoterpene (3R,4R,65)-3,6-dihydroxy-l-menthene (7), two triterpenes lupeoi (8) and ursolic acid (9), and β-sitosterol (10). The structures of five new constituents (1-5) were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR experiments. The compounds 1, 5 and 7 showed antibacterial activity by being assayed against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coll.