中国东部苏鲁地区江苏赣榆出露大理岩-榴辉岩块体，其菱镁矿大理岩中保存的白云石分解结构表明地壳物质俯冲深度达到-200公里。在与该大理岩共生的榴辉岩中，我们发现了磷灰石的磁黄铁矿出溶结构。磷灰石是该榴辉岩的主要副矿物，其自形程度较高，与石榴石共生。样品中几乎所有磷灰石均发育出溶结构，至少存在两组相互垂直的出溶棒，它们各自严格沿同一个方向分布。出溶棒形状规则，宽度相近(1µm)，但长度变化大(5～50µm)。利用高分辨能谱仪测定其能谱，结果表明，出溶棒主要同Fe和S两种元素组成，但不能准确地确定其Fe/S比值。我们把这种出溶棒初步确定为磁黄铁矿(Fe1-x S)。磷灰石由于含大量稀土元素和挥发性组分如OH、F、Cl等以及我们所观察到的S，它的深循环因此可能对地球的水、硫以及其它挥发性组分的全球平衡具有重要影响。本文报道的磷灰石中磁黄铁矿出溶结构为深入探讨这个基本科学问题提供了一个新的突破口。

The dolomite-dissociation textures documented here in rocks from the Kokchetav ultrahigh-pressure massif suggest that the experimentally expected dolomite dissociation happened in the subducted slabs represented by these rocks. Two reactions, magnesite=C + MgO + O2, and majoritic garnet + MgO + H2O = garnet + clinochlore, recorded in carbonate inclusions and the host majoritic garnet are responsible for generation of graphite and clinochlore during the exhumation. The dolomite dissociation indicates that carbonate materials were subducted to depths of .250 km below Earth’s surface. Such deep subduction evidently brings abundant carbon and carbonate into deep Earth.

Gold deposits in the Taihang Mountains, northern China, mainly consist of quartz sulfide veins in granitoid plutons. This paper describes the geological setting of the gold deposits, and presents the results of microthermometric, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and stable isotope analyses of ore-forming fluids for the purpose of examining the characteristics of these fluids. The ore-forming fluid was of high temperature (up to 380ºC) and high salinity (33–41 wt% NaCl equiv.), represented by type I inclusions (with daughter minerals). This fluid evolved to low salinity at low temperatures recorded in type II (liquid-rich) and III inclusions (vapor-rich). Primary type II inclusions coexist with type III inclusions in quartz. Type III inclusions have almost the same homogenization temperatures as type II inclusions. This probably reflects boiling. The secondary fluid inclusions homogenized at lower temperatures, and have lower salinities than primary inclusions. Based on microthermometric data, we propose that the high-temperature fluid that separated from residual magma corresponded to the ore-forming fluid represented by type I inclusions. This fluid mixed with meteoric water in the upper part of the granitic pluton and was diluted. The diluted fluid boiled, probably due to abrupt pressure decrease, and formed liquid-rich type II inclusions and vapor-rich type III inclusions. The deposition of sulfide minerals and gold probably occurred during boiling.