用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪( ICP - OES) 测定了甘薯21个品种(系) 5个产地200多份样品中的铁、锌、钙、硒四种有益矿物质营养元素含量。结果表明:铁、锌、钙和硒四种矿物成分含量存在明显的基因型差异,其平均含量分别为38.97、49.02、889.70、0.1472mg/kg(干基) ,相应的变幅依次为1.97～167.86、11.68～245.40、37.63～1925.6 和0.01～0.51 mg/kg (干基) 。不同肉色甘薯铁、锌、钙和硒含量差异不显著;除铁外,锌、钙和硒含量产地间均存在显著差异。

A rapid predictive method based on near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy (NIRS) was developed to measure sweetpotato starch physiochemical quality and pasting properties. The starch samples were scanned by NIRS and analyzed for quality properties by reference methods, respectively. Results of statistical modeling indicated that NIRS was reasonably accurate in predicting amylase content (AC), amylose percent (AP), total starch content (TSC), protein content (PRC), phosphorus content (PHC), solubility (SOL), swelling power (SP), average granule diameter (AGD), big granule percent (BGP), small granule percent (SGP), crystallinity (CRY), peak viscosity (PKV), hot paste viscosity (HPV), setback (SB), and pasting temperature (Ptemp) with high coefficients of determination (RSQ = 0.85–0.92) and relatively low standard errors of prediction. The results showed that NIR analysis was sufficiently accurate and effective for rapid evaluation of starch physicochemical properties in sweetpotato. The NIR-based protocol developed in this study can be used for screening large number of starch samples in food enterprises and sweetpotato breeding programs.

采用扫描电镜、X-射线衍射和粘度测定等方法对甘薯、马铃薯和芋艿3种我国主要根茎作物淀粉的理化特性和糊化特性进行了研究，以便为其有效利用提供理论依据。结果表明：这3种根茎作物淀粉粒均有圆形、椭圆形和不规则多边形的形状，淀粉粒大小、分布、表面结构、晶体特性、淀粉成分和糊化特性作物间存在显著差异。而作物品种问差异较小。