The polyacrylamide(PAM)/α-zirconium phosphate(α-ZrP)nanocomposite was synthesized by in situ intercalative polymerization of acrylamide monomer with α-ZrP exfoliated by methylamine. Its structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results demonstrated that the interlayer distance of α-ZrP was expanded efectively after the polymerization of acrylamide, even forming exfoliated nan ocomposite. Both XRD and TEM image confirm ed that the most of the layers of α-ZrP were dispersed well in the polymer matrix. and the PAM/α-ZrP intercalated nanocompo site with the d-spacing of about 1.5nm can be obtained at a hish loading of α-ZrP (mass fraction≥10%). At the same time. some of the layers of α-ZrP were exfoliated an d dispe rsed disorderly in the PMA matrix.