The inhibitory effects of 1,3-diacylglycerol (DAG) on diet-induced lipid accumulation in liver and abdominal adipose tissue of rats were investigated in the present study. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given free access to diets containing 7 wt% TAG (low TAG), 20 wt% TAG (high TAG), or 20 wt% DAG (high DAG), respectively, for 8 wk. The body weight of rats in the 20% high-TAG group increased significantly, and the weights of their abdominal adipose tissue and liver also showed a significant increase compared with rats in the low-TAG group. However, the high-DAG diet resulted in both a significant reduction in body weight gain (with a decrease of 70.5%) and an increase in the ratio of abdominal fat to body weight (by 127%) compared with the high-TAG diet. As well, the liver TAG and serum TAG levels of the high-DAG group were significantly lower than those of the high-TAG group. These effects were associated with up-regulation of acyl-CoA carnitine acyltransferase (ACAT) and down-regulation of acyl-CoA DAG acyltransferase (DGAT) in the liver. However, no significant difference was observed in the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase among the groups (P>0.05). The present results indicate that dietary DAG reduced fat accumulation in viscera and body, and these effects may be involved with up-regulation of ACAT and down-regulation of DGAT in the liver.

A mathematical model describing the degradation of arabinoxylans by endo-xylanase during mashing process was developed. Endo-xylanase activities and arabinoxylans concentrations in laboratory scale mashing process at different temperature profiles were measured and then used for identifying the model parameters for Harrington barley malt. The modeling errors range for the final concentration of arabinoxylans in wort was -4% to +11.9%. The model developed was also used for predicting the other three different malts mashing processes in laboratory scale, and the prediction errors ranged from -9.5% to +13.6%. The model prediction accuracy for industrial scale mashing process was lower than that in laboratory scale. The simulation results showed that, a lower concentration of arabinoxylans could be achieved when maintaining the mashing-in at 45℃ and prolonging the mashing-in time.

The rice heat blast process is a novel technique for gelatinizing raw starch. It uses heated air to replace steam for processing rice under high temperature fluidization in a short time period. This is a new technique for making rice wine with the characteristics of easy storage and zero water pollution. This study focused on three major performance indexes (starch gelatinization ratio, total fat content, and amino nitrogen content in the roasted rice), which largely affect the performance of the rice heat blast process and the rice wine quality. The relationship between these performance indexes and the corresponding operation variables were modeled by an artificial neural network (ANN) via learning sets of experimental data. Based on the ANN models obtained, genetic algorithms were used to optimize the operating conditions of the rice heat blast process. The results showed the power in determination of optimal operating conditions by the combinational utilization of artificial neural network and genetic algorithms.

Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a novel, repeated fed-batch ethanol production system from corn flour by fully recycling fermented supernatants is demonstrated. With recovery of ethanol by evaporation coupled with consecutive removal of the insoluble and soluble inhibitory substances accumulated, either completely or partially by filtration, the concentrations of the soluble inhibitors in the system could be maintained at their equilibria. As a result, a sustained high concentration of ethanol (up to 15% v/v) and significant pollution control performance were obtained.

研究了酒精蒸馏废液全循环对玉米粉液化、糖化和发酵的影响，结果表明，当液化酶用量达到14U/g、糖化酶用量为120U/g（玉米粉）时，蒸馏废液对液化无影响，而对糖化有促进作用；蒸馏废液能一定程度地促进酵母的生长，提高酵母耗糖速率；蒸馏废液经过25次循环发酵，酒精平均浓度在15.07%，平均糖利用率91.7%。蒸馏废液全循环工艺，解决了发酵法酒精生产中的污染问题，实现了发酵法酒精清洁生产。