To investigate the efects of GM1 on inducing adult rat bone marrow stromal cells(MSCs)to form neural progenitor cells and their diferentiation. Purified M SCs were induced by different components of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) alone. GM1 alone or combination of bFGF with GM1. After 3 days' incubation. fibronectin and collagen I were detected with immunocytochemistry, and nestin was detected with immunofluorescence. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and galactose cerebroside (GalC) were detected with immunocytochemistry after 7 days'incubation. After induction with bFGF alone or combination of bFGF and GM1. some MSCs exhibited the phenot3 pes of neural progenitor cells, and then neurons and astrocytes. In these two groups, the positive cells for M SCs (marow fnr0onmh ehmemata0pto0pieoiteictic esltles mtir noc meblalolsn e macrelolws) diferaernet. Literatures report that MSCs are muhipotential and MSCs can be transformed into neural progenitor cells and then differentiated into neural cells and glial cells. GM1. a major subclass of cerebral gangliosides, is an important part of celI membrane. Exogenous GMl can mimic the function of neurotrophic factors through inserting into membranes of neurons and resist neuronal insults resulting from various factors. To our knowledge, so Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China(Zhang H1 General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China(Sun HY, Zhang JN and rang SY)Second Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China(Wang JZ) Corresponding author: Tel: 86-22-23379321, fibronectin and collagen I decreased markedly after 3 days' induction. At the same time, the positive ceHs for nestin increased markedly. After 7 days'induction. NSE an d GFAPpositive cels increased significantly. Furtherm ore, the addition of bFGF an d GM1 caused the maximal variation. However. addition of GM1 alone had no inductive efects Condusions: Combination of bFGF、Irith GMI may synergistically promote the tran sform ation of MSCs and diferentiationinto neurons and astrocyte-like ceHs. The results suggest a promising route for the application of MSCS

目的 探讨在体外条件下糖皮质激素（glucocorticoids，GCs）对海马神经元的影响及其机制。方法 取新生大鼠海马组织进行原代分离培养，通过细胞形态学观察，细胞酶学噻唑蓝（methylthiazolyl，胛r）测定、DNA原位末端标记（TdT-medialed dbq'P Nick End Izbleling method，TUNEL）法以及凋亡相关蛋白Bc1-2、Bax的表达观察0、10-9、10-8、10-7、10-6、10-5md/L不同浓度的地塞米松（dexamethasone，DEX）作用24h对大鼠海马神经元的影响。结果 高浓度的DEX可以引起明显的海马神经元形态变化，降低海马神经元的活性，并通过上调Bax的表达，下调Bc1-2的表达促进海马神经元的凋亡。结论 高浓度糖皮质激素可促进海马神经元的凋亡从而降低海马神经元的活性。

目的 探讨不同类型颅脑创伤患者记忆障碍的特征。方法 根据患者入院时GCS评分，按创伤严重程度将42例颅脑创伤患者分为轻度创伤组（GCS 13～15分，16例）、中度创伤组（GCS 9～12分，14例）和重度创伤组（GCS 3～8分，12例）。采用临床记忆量表进行短时记忆测量并与42名健康受试者（对照组）进行比较，观察冲击点伤、对冲伤、混合伤及加速伤、减速伤、混合伤、切线伤对颅脑创伤患者记忆力的影响。结果 与对照组相比，不同程度颅脑创伤患者的记忆商（MQ）均显著下降，其中轻度创伤组与中、重度创伤组相比，差异具有显著性意义（P<0.05）；冲击点伤、对冲伤以及混合伤患者之间MQ相比，差异具有显著性意义（P<0.01），冲击点伤患者的MQ值最高（P<0.05）；加速伤、减速伤、混合伤和切线伤患者之间MQ相比，差异亦有显著性意义（P<0.01）。结论颅脑创伤后混合伤和切线伤对患者记忆的影响最为明显。

目的 探讨大剂量糖皮质激素（GCs）对成年大鼠内源性神经前体细胞增殖的影响。方法 将25只大鼠随机分为对照组和地塞米松（DEX）作用1、3、7、14d组，应用免疫组化力‘法检测神经前体细胞标记物巢蛋白（nestin）的表达,并通过5-溴脱氧尿苷（BrdU）观察神经前体细胞的增殖。结果 正常大鼠海马齿状回（DG）和室下区（SVZ）存在神经前体细胞，并且其中一些细胞处于分裂增殖状态。应用大剂量GCs作用3、7、14 d组与对照组相比DG的nestin和BrdU阳性细胞数明显减少，SVZ的nestin和BrdU阳性细胞数在DEX作用7、14d组与对照组相比明显减少，并且DG与SVZ二者阳性细胞数随着作用时间的延长而减低更为明显。结论 大剂量GCs持续作用可抑制大鼠脑内的内源性神经前体细胞的增殖，DG区的神经前体细胞对GCs的反应较SVZ更为敏感。

目的 检测人创伤脑组织与正常脑组织神经生物学相关基因表达谱的差异，筛选差异表达基因，寻找脑创伤防治的新的分子生物学策略。方法 利用含l87个神经生物学相关基因的人寡核苷酸芯片。分别检测6例创伤脑组织与正常脑组织的差异表达基。结果 6例创伤脑组织共同差异表达的基因数为3个，均表达上调。结论 基因芯片筛选出以前文献中未曾报道过的脑创伤神经生物学相关类基因，对其十预有望成为脑创伤防治的新的分子生物学策略。