在小麦生长发育的数值模拟研究的基础上，将小麦生育期划分为4个阶段，分别制定了数学模型和子程序，确定模型的参数，模拟出每一阶段的生育期天数，并且就每一阶段的温光条件对生育期各阶段的影响给出了分析与决策。该系统对了解小麦生长发育与气象条件的定量关系，对不同发育期小麦采取有效的措施具有参考意义，也是计算机应用于小麦生产的一种尝试。系统采用中文菜单操作，界面友好，可人机交互。结构化、模块化技术使系统具有易于修改、扩充的特点。

Currently available models of photosynthate partitioning in crops are poorly developed compared to carbon and water balance models. This paper presents a dynamic photosynthate partitioning model (PPModel) that simulates the partitioning of crop biomass to leaf, stem and root through the interaction between carbon gain (assimilation less respiration) and transpiration, in relation to environmental factors. The central concept is the theory of plant functional equilibrium, in which transpirational loss and water uptake are balanced, within acceptable limits, by a dynamic partitioning of assimilates between shoot and root growth. The model was shown to perform effectively against experimental data for growth and partitioning of biomass in winter wheat (collected over a 2-year period), when environmental factors varied daily and water supply was controlled over a wide range.

地表紫外辐射强度计算的准确与否，直接关系到紫外辐射指数（UVI）预报的准确性，其计算方法受到气象部门的特别重视。采用简化大气辐射计算模式、离散坐标（DISORT，discrete-coordinate-method）辐射传输算法、气候学经验模式及观测的方法研究了南京地区紫外辐射量的变化。计算与观测的比较显示，简化模式、DISORT 及气候学方法的计算值与观测结果具有较好的一致性。表明三种模型都具有一定的可靠性。

This paper describes the development ofChina's power industry, present situation, environmental influences and potential benefits of regional power grid interconnections in China. Power plants in China are mainly thermal, burning fossil fuels especially coal which emit a great deal ofpollutants and greenhouse gases such as SO2, NOx and CO2. China leads all other countries in emissions of SO2, CO2, and the power industry is the largest contributor to these emissions. There are a number ofenvironmental benefits through regional power grid interconnection. That is, the construction ofsmall electricity generation capacity would be avoided; natural resources would be used to generate electricity on a regional scale; and generating sources can be separated from centers ofelectricity use, which will decrease emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases and help to reduce human exposure to elevated air pollutant concentrations. Therefore, gradually enlarged power grids, and power grid interconnection, should be part of the general pattern ofpower system development in China.

能量平衡是作物冠层水热传输的基础，气象因子（如空气温度、湿度、风速和土壤温度）是影响作物活动的外界条件，而叶温反映作物的整体健康状况。对冠层状况的理解和模拟有利于了解小气候特征并加强农田管理。采用SHAW （the Simultaneous Heat andW ater） 模型模拟：冠层表面能量平衡，表面辐射温度，冠层中叶温、气象要素和土壤温度廓线，模型的输入数据来源于华北平原禹城综合试验站。模型很好的模拟了表面能量平衡、冠层表面辐射温度、土壤温度、冠层2/3高度以下叶温和2/3高度以上气象要素。模型模拟净辐射（Rn）的效率达到0.97，潜热（LE）和感热通量（Hs）的模拟效率分别为0.81和0.78，模拟的表面辐射温度与实测值吻合较好，其模拟效率为0.91，冠层2/3高度以下的叶温模拟效率为0.76～0.86，但该高度以上的模拟结果不理想。除了2cm深度外，各层土壤温度模拟较好。