简仓结构广泛应用于农业、矿业、化工、电力等诸多领域中的散料储存。混凝上筒仓在国内已有许多应用，但钢筒仓的应用还很有限。过去二十年里国际上对钢简仓结构的性能致强度进行了大量的研究，香港理工大学在近几年也进行了许多研究。本文总结了大型圆形钢筒仓结构行为及设计方面的近期研究进展。首先对钢筒仓的结构形式及散料荷载进行简单讨论，并介绍钢筒仓的主要破坏形式发相应的研究，给出了可供钢筒仓结构设计直接应用的部分主要设计公式。还介绍了钢筒仓结构设计中的计算机分析方法，最后指出钢筒仓结构尚需进一步研究的课题。

In this paper, the most up-to-date research on the buckling of internally-pressurized cone±cylinder intersections and state-of-the-art ®nite element analyses are deployed to provide another anatomy of a pressure vessel failure due to mis-operation overpressure recently reported and analyzed by Jones [Jones, DRH. Buckling failures of pressurized vessels: two case studies. Engineering Failure Analysis 1994;1:155±67]. Existing research on these intersections is ®rst outlined, followed by a description of the buckling strength formulae recently developed to approximate ®nite element buckling loads of the perfect geometry. The validity of these formulae for real vessels with geometric imperfections is next examined through a comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results, which establishes the limited sensitivity of the buckling load to initial imperfections. The buckling pressure of the cone±cylinder intersection in the failed vessel is then determined using these formulae, while the buckling pressure of the spherical partition in the vessel is evaluated using the ECCS rule. These calculations demonstrate that the cone±cylinder intersection buckled ®rst, followed by the buckling of the spherical partition, which also released the vessel from overpressure. The buckling pressure of the spherical partition is therefore also the maximum pressure exerted on the vessel. This proposition is con®rmed by postbuckling analyses of the vessel.

Large elevated steel silos generally consist of a cylindrical vessel, a conical discharge hopper and a skirt which may either be supported on the ground or by a number of columns. The cone-cylinder-skirt junction is subject to a large circumferential compressive force due to the radial component of the meridional tension in the hopper, so either a ring is provided or the shell walls are locally thickened to strengthen the junction. Many theoretical studies have examined the buckling and collapse strengths of these junctions, but no previous experimental study has been reported. This has been due to the great difficulties associated with testing these thin-shell junctions at model scale. This paper first describes the development of an experimental facility for testing model steel silo transition junctions. Issues covered include the fabrication of quality model junctions using thin steel sheets, the loading method and the precise three-dimensional measurement of geometric imperfections and deformed shapes using a laser-displacement meter. Typical experimental results of a cone-cylinder-skirt-ring junction are next presented to demonstrate the capability of the developed facility. Procedures for processing the test results to determine both the buckling load and the number of buckling waves are also presented.

Cold-formed lipped channel sections have been widely used in light gauge steel construction. Among the several possible buckling modes, the distortional buckling mode involving rotational deformation of the flange–lip combination about the flange–web junction is often the strength-governing mode. While many studies have been carried out on this buckling mode, the method of Lau and Hancock (J. Struct. Eng. ASCE 113 (1987) 1063), which models the phenomenon as the flexural–torsional buckling of the flange–lip combination with elastic restraints from the web appears to be the most effective in producing a relatively simple closedform solution for design use. This article extends the Lau and Hancock method, which was developed for axially loaded columns to beam-columns subjected to combined axial compression and biaxial bending. Particular attention is paid to the case of axial compression in combination with uniaxial bending in the plane of symmetry. Numerical results from the present closed-form solution are compared with those from the finite strip method, showing a close agreement between the two. The numerical results also lead to a number of useful observations on the distortional buckling behavior of these beam-columns, which should be useful in the future development of a simplified solution for direct design use.

Cone-cylinder intersections are used commonly in pressure vessels and piping, and internal pressurization is often an important loading condition. For the intersection of the large end of a cone and a cylinder, internal pressurization causes large circumferential compressive stresses in the intersection. These stresses can lead to failure of the intersection by either axisymmetric collapse or non-symmetric buckling. This paper first presents a brief summary of recent experiments on cone-cylinder intersections under internal pressure.Arational finite element model based on the experimental and the corresponding numerical results is next described. Finite element results from a major parametric study on the postbuckling behaviour and strength of cone-cylinder intersections employing this finite element model are then presented. Finally, a design proposal in the Eurocode format for internally pressurized cone-cylinder intersections is established for practical use.