近年来，聚苯胺因其优良的性能而备受关注，其合成方法与合成机理一直是聚苯胺研究的重要内容之一.本文详细阐述了聚苯胺的化学和电化学合成方法，并对两类合成方法的反应机理进行了综述。

对太阳能光催化分解水制氢体系的阈值能、太阳能转换效率以及太阳能转化成可储存的化学能效率进行了阐述；建立了一种利用已知量子产率的化学光量计测定光子数绝对值的实验方法，并使用该方法对太阳能光催化分解水制氢体系的能量转换效率及产氢的量子产率进行子计算。

建立可持续发展的能源系统是当今人类社会必须解决的最为关键的问题之一。新的能源。系统需要有—种持续发展的能源载体来替代目前使用的燃料，氢正是这样一种理想的二次能源载体。利用太阳能规模制氢具有可持续发展的特点，对缓解能源紧缺、减少环境污染具有重大意义，是能源科技领域国际竞争的焦点之善，恐被国。j际上许多大型氢能研究计划列为重要研究方向。国家科技部于2003年度正式批准在“973计划”中立项进行利用太阳能规模制氢的基础研究。在阐述利用太阳能规模制氢国内外研究现状的基础上，重点介绍了西安交通大学动力委程多相流国家重点实验室近年来在该领域的理论和实验研究工作中所取得的一系列最新进展。

A series of Cd1−xZnxS (x=0-0.92) photocatalysts were prepared by coprecipitation method and were calcined at 723K under N2 atmosphere. X-ray diffraction patterns results showed that the solid solution of Cd1-xZnxS were formed between ZnS and CdS. UV-Vis spectra indicated that the absorption edges of Cd1-xZnxS were red-shifted as the value of x decreased. The band gaps of the photocatalysts were estimated to be between 2.20-3.12 eV (x=0-0.92) from the onsets of the absorption edges and almost showed linear variation with x increasing. The position of conduction band for solid solution is shifted towards more negative potential as compared to that of CdS. The hydrogen productions of Cd1-xZnxS (x=0-0.92) by splitting water photocatalytically under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation were carried out in an inner-irradiation type reactor. The results indicated that the photocatalyst of Cd0.62Zn0.16S has the highest rate of hydrogen evolution with the quantum efficiency of 2.17%and 0.60%under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation, respectively. It has been considered that the crystallite size, (101) plane and band gap for the Cd1-xZnxS solid solutions have a strong influence on the efficiency of hydrogen production capability for water splitting.

以钛酸四丁酯和重铬酸铵为原料，采用溶胶凝胶法制备Cr2O3-TiO2复合型光催化剂!并利用浸渍法在Cr2O3-TiO2表面分别负载Fe、Mn、Mo过渡金属，制备了Fe-Cr2O3-TiO2、Mn-CrO3-TiO2、Mo-CrO3-TiO2三元复合型光催化剂。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面分析（BET）和紫外可见吸收光谱（Uv-Vis）对催化剂进行了表征。XRD结果表明：TiO2为金红石结构；Cr2O3为绿铬矿结构。催化剂在紫外光和可见光条件下均具有光催化分解水产氢活性，紫外光条件下三元复合型光催化剂可以明显提高光催化产氢活性，其中Mo-CrO3-TiO2活性最高，而在可见光条件下，三元复合型光催化剂产氢活性略低于Cr2O3-TiO2。