In this paper, a hierarchical optimization procedure for reaction path synthesis is presented in which the overall reaction is not necessarily desirable with respect to the thermodynamics or mechanism of reaction. According to the specified raw materials, desired product, and probable yproducts, the overall reactions are determined through the generation method of simple stoichiometric reactions and evaluated by economic potential and other criteria such as thermodynamic feasibility and kinetic desirability. For an overall reaction that is unachievable thermodynamically or kinetically while potentially desirable with respect to profit, a novel procedure for overall reaction decomposition by adding intermediate chemicals is proposed to realize it by several thermodynamically feasible division reactions. When this method is used, the optimal solution of reaction path synthesis can be either an overall reaction or several division reactions. A case study is described to illustrate the proposed procedure.

Exergy analysis of eco-industrial systems reflects the thermodynamic characteristics of resource utilization by studying complicated material flow patterns to an industrial system. Different indicators based on exergy analysis are presented, such as system exergy depletion index, cycling ratio of material exergy, etc. which can be used to evaluate the efficiency of resource utilization and the environmental potential effect. The interrelations of these exergy indicators and their interpretation on industrial ecology are further discussed. Finally, the result of case study suggests effectiveness of exergy analysis methods and practicability of these exergy estimate indices.

选取3个典型的历史时期：自然生态系统、传统农业社会和现代工业社会，运用物质流分析方法对3个不同时期中国磷元素代谢网络进行定量描述并建立相关数学模型，认识中国磷元素代谢模式的演化过程，为识别现代社会磷元素代谢不可持续的瓶颈提供数据支持。

为实现磷资源产业可持续发展，以中国磷资源产业为对象，运用投入产出分析（input output a11alvsis IOA）方法对其整个生命周期的元素代谢和物质循环进行定量描述和分析。总结磷元素高效循环利用的技术手段和措施，提出生产智能控缓释化肥、减少含磷农药使用量、减少含磷洗涤剂使用量、回收人畜粪便生产有机肥料和回收污水中的磷等措施构成6个不同方案改善该系统的物质利用水平，并对元素循环效率等指标进行分析比较。研究结果表明，合理选取、综合采用先进的循环经济技术手段，可以提高中国磷资源产业物质利用水平和元素循环效率。

基于发酵生产的特点及建模要求，以某企业燃料乙醇生产过程为研究对象，利用工业生产中的参数及数据，建立了以乙醇发酵效果为目标的BP神经网络模型，以静态模型反映复杂的动态问题。探讨了乙醇发酵生产模型的误差产生原因，并提出改进方案，根据已有经验将相关参数进行了合理组合，调整神经网络模型的输入输出参数结构，以提高仿真模拟效果。通过多次模型改进，使模拟的平均相对误差从10%提高至5.4%，为进一步研究发酵生产建模提供了思路。