针对导弹天线罩这类薄壁复杂回转体测量的难题．提出了一种新的测量原理，研制了专门的天线罩几何参数测量仪，设计了测量的软、硬件系统。介绍了测量仪的工作原理、测量系统的构成以及误差评定和数据处理的方法，并给出了测量实践结果。测量仪使用结果表明，实现了对工件准确、快速、经济的目动测量，以及对测量结果的评定和可视化处理，取得了满意的效果。

The radome is a revolution shell part made of hard and brittle material and has 3-D complex curved surface. The electric thickness of the radome is an important electromagnetic performance index, determined by the geometric thickness and the dielectric constant of the material. For the semi-finished radome, its electric thickness can usually not meet the requirement of the design owing to the error of the geometric thickness and the non-uniformity of the dielectric constant of the material. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely grind the inner surface of the radome to compensate the electric thickness error by altering the geometric thickness. To this end, a three-axis CNC precision measuring and grinding machine tool, which is controlled by a industrial personal computer (IPC) and a programmable multi-Axis controller (PMAC), was designed and developed. In order to avoid installation errors caused by separate loading operation and to ensure the grinding accuracy, the measuring and grinding process of the radome are accomplished in the same installing position on the machine tool in a manner of "once-loading and two-step-operation". First, the inner surface is precisely measured to set up a process datum and then, the finish grinding process is performed based on the datum and the required grinding allowance in the machine tool. It is shown in practice that the radome ground by the machine tool satisfies the requirement for the precision of the electric thickness.

为实现由均质材料、复合材料、功能梯度材料和功能细结构构成的理想材料零件的数字化设计制造,从非线性问题线性化角度考虑,针对理想材料零件数字化设计制造中的数据格式和切片算法问题,提出了基于三维几何实体单纯剖分的数据格式.以统一、简便的形式,完整地描述了理想材料零件的几何、拓扑和材料信息；定义了快速制造中必不可少的切片数据格式；在该数据格式的基础上,进行了理想材料零件的均匀切片算法研究,并通过实例验证了该均匀算法.

光照模型在基于视觉的自由曲面图像测量领域中起着重要作用。本文介绍了Phong、Torrance-Sparrow和Cook-Torrance三种常用局部光照模型的原理和特点，应用非线性最小二乘优化方法确定了各模型的光照参数，并应用统计分析原理对各光照模型进行回归分析和比较，最后对Torrance-Sparrow光照模型加以改进，提出了一种适合于自由曲面快速测量的光照模型。

Numerical instabilities are often encountered in FE solution of continuum topology optimization. The essence of the numerical instabilities is given from the inverse partial differential equation (PDE) point of view. On the basis of the strict mathematical theory, a novel method, named as window filter and multi-grid method, which solves the numerical instabilities, is proposed. Convergent analyses and a numerical example are presented.