We reported our preliminary study on mapping of the expressed sequence tag (EST) using single- stranded DNA conformation polymorphism (SSCP) on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product. Five ESTs primer pairs, developed from nuclear genes including CAD(cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrgenase), CHS(chalcone synthase), NIR (nitrite reductase), ARA554 (cDNA expressed in differentiating xylem in Pinus taedae) and GS (glutamine synthetase), were selected to optimize the experimental protocol and generate mapping markers in the megagemtophytes from a single tree of Pinus massoniana. Our ultimate goal was to use SSCP approach to construct a transcriptional map for comparative mapping studies in P. massoniana. The efficiency to construct a transcriptional map in P. massoniana based on the published EST primer pairs derived from other pine species critically depended on the successful amplification of ESTfragments and the ratio of the heterozygous loci revealed in P. massoniana. In this study, 3 (60%) out of 5 tested EST primer pairs were succeeded in amplification, however, only 1 (20%) gene was heterozygous in the tested tree. The ratio of heterozygous loci detected in this study was similar to that revealed by anonymous marker in P. taeda. Therefore, a low efficiency would be expected if the map would be constructed using single pedigree. The segregation ratio of loci revealed by primer pairs would be higher if multiple pedigrees would be used. We proposed that consensus mapping approach based on multiple-pedigree should be used for EST mapping and therefore to increase the efficiency of EST mapping.

The appraisal of cultivar authenticity is a problem that needs to be settled in agricultural and forestry activities. AFLP is a novel, reliable and effective technique in DNA fingerprint. 42 clones of Populus deltoides Mash. were fingerprinted with the technique. AFLP technique can be widely used in the practical cultivar identification.

本文简要介绍了90年代以来利用RFLP和RAPD分子标记构建林木的遗传连锁图谱，并应用高密度的遗传连锁图谱上的分子标记进行林木重要数量性状的QTL作图，进而阐明控制多基因的数目，确定QTL在染色体上的位置，测定单个基因的作用效应。遗传连锁图谱构建和数量性状基因定位预示林木遗传育种研究将产生深刻的变革。

木本植物有许多不同于一年生草本植物的生物学特性，生物学家提出将木本植物作为研究多年生植物的模式体系。杨属Populus树种由于研究基础较好且基因组较小，目前已被广泛地接受作为多年生植物基因组研究的模式物种。随着杨属树种全基因组序列的测定，杨属树种在多年生植物的功能基因组研究及一些基础科学问题的研究中将发挥重要作用。本文综述了杨属树种基因组研究的历史、进展及将来的研究热点，旨在为我国多年生植物基因组研究提供参考和借鉴。本文主要论述了以下几个方面的内容：（1）对杨属树种开展的细胞遗传学研究；（2）在分子水平上对杨属树种进行的基因组研究，内容包括遗传作图、基因组测序、物理图谱构建、基因芯片及连锁不平衡分析； （3）杨属树种基因组信息在探讨一些基础科学问题中的潜在应用。

根据20个不同RAPD随机引物对杨树DNA的扩增结果，对四甲基氯化铵（TMACI）在杨树RAPD扩增反应中的作用进行了研究，发现TMACI可明显改善杨树的RAPD扩增效果，因此TMACI可作为一种有效成分加入杨树RAPD反应体系中。同时比较了不同浓度的TMACI对杨树RAPD扩增反应的影响，确定最适合杨树RAPD扩增反应的TMACI浓度为10～50μmolPL。利用3个具亲缘关系的杨树家系对含TMACI的RAPD反应体系的实验结果进行验证，证实该体系获得的遗传信息是可靠的。