Five new lanostane-type triterpenes, named fomefficinic acid A-E (1-5), were isolated from the dried sclerotium of Fomes officinalis, respectively. Their structures were established as 24-methylene-3-oxo-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid (1), 3a,15a-dihydroxy-24-methylene-lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-21-oic acid (2), 3a,15a-dihydroxy-24-methylene-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid (3), 15a-hydroxy-3-oxo-24-methylenelanost-8-en-21-oic acid (4), 15a-acetoxy-3-oxo-24-methylenelanosta-7,9(11)-dien-21-oic acid (5), by spectral analysis and chemical methods as well as comparison with known compounds.

Caragaphenol A (1), a new trimeric stilbene, was isolated from the roots of Caragana stenophylla (Leguminosae) along with three known oligomeric stilbenes: (+)-α-viniferin (2), miyabenol C (3) and kobophenol A (4). The stereostructure of 1 was elucidated by one- and two-dimensional (1D- and 2D-)-NMR spectral studies.

Three new cycloartane triterpene glycosides, soulieosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), were isolated from the rhizomes of Souliea vaginata, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive NMR experiments and chemical methods. Soulieosides A-C were assigned as 25-O-acetylcimigenol-3-O-β-D-(2-acetyl)xylopyranoside (1), 24-O-acetyl-isodahurinol-3-O-β-D-(2-acetyl)xylopyranoside (2) and 20(S), 22(R), 23(S), 24(R)-16β:23;22:25-diepoxy-3b,23,24-trihydroxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3-O-β-D-(4-acetyl)xylopyranoside (3), respectively.

Two new xanthones, 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-4-(3-hydroxyl-3-ethylbutyl)xanthone (1) and 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6,6 -dimethyl-2H-pyrano(2,3 :6,7)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (2), have been isolated together with six known xanthones: 1,3,5-trihydroxy-6,6 -dimethyl-2H-pyrano(2,3 :6,7)xanthone (3), dulxanthone A (4), 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (5), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (6), 1,3,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone (7), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (8), from the stems of Garcinia cowa (Guttiferae).

The fungus Talaromyces wortmannii, isolated from a soil sample collected in China's Yunnan province, produced four novel 22-membered macrolides, namely, wortmannilactones A-D (1-4). Structures 1-4 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectral analyses. Compounds 1-4 exhibited in vitro cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 28.7 to 130.5μM.