采用单轴固结试验和三轴剪切试验对饱和、湿润、风干以及烘干的藤森粘土进行了应力一应变特性研究。在试验过程中，进行了不同轴向应力水平下的恒应变率加载试验、蠕变试验以及卸载与重复加载试验。局部变形测量传感器（LDT）被用于三轴剪切试验中的轴向变形测量以提高小应变测量的精度。试验结果表明，不同含水率与饱和度的藤森粘土在单轴固结试验与三轴剪切试验条件下都表现出明显的粘塑性。它们的加载速率效应、蠕变效应都相似;而且在蠕变结束后的一小段邻域内藤森粘土的强度有明显的提高。笔者提出用参数β来描述藤森粘土的粘性。对试验结果的计算分析表明，在单轴和三轴试验条件下不同含水率与饱和度的藤森粘土的β值介于0.034到0.064之间；而且，含水率高的藤森粘土的β值大于含水率低的藤森粘土的β值，单轴试验条件下的β值大于三轴试验条件下的β值。

The paper describes an energy-based constitutive model for sand, which is modified based on the modified plastic strain energy approach, represented by a unique relationship between the modified plastic strain energy and a stress parameter, independent of stress history. The modified plastic strain energy approachwas developed based on results from a series of drained plastic strain compression tests along various stress paths on saturated dense Toyoura sand with accurate stress and strain measurements. The proposed model is coupled with an isotropically work-hardening and softening, non-associtated, elasto-plastic material description. The constitutive model concerns the inherent and stress systeminduced cross-anisotropic elastic deformation properties of sand. It is capable of simulating the deformation characteristics of stress history and stress path, the effects of pressure level, anisotropic strength and void ratio, and the strain localization.