为找到一种除磷的高效吸附剂，通过铁盐与铈盐的混合溶液与碱溶液反应合成了对水溶液中磷酸盐具有高效吸附作用的吸附剂粉末。经正交试验发现，盐溶液中铁、铈离子含量是影响除磷效果的最重要因素，此外合成温度、干燥温度也对吸附性能有一定影响。通过各种测试证明，结晶破碎是复合除磷剂比表面积增大的主要原因，而比表面积增大又是高效吸附除磷的主要原因。

对以聚乙烯微孔管为膜组件的过滤/曝气两用型膜-生物反应器进行了研究。通过清水过滤试验发现，PE21和PE24（孔径分别为70～120μm和5～10μm）2种微孔管均具有较高的清水通量,单位水头下高达250L/m2·h。PE24微孔管对活性污泥混合液的过滤性能略优于PE21，初始膜通量的选择对二者的过滤性能影响很大，但污泥浓度的影响则不甚显著。对膜组件进行过滤/曝气交替运行，可有效地清除膜组件表面的泥饼层，较好地保持膜过滤性能的稳定。分别改变过滤/曝气运行周期和初始膜通量，考察了膜过滤性能的变化，发现交替运行周期在015～3h，初始膜通量在60～140L/m2·h时，系统在连续运行过程中每一运行周期内的平均膜通量先经历了初始的下降阶段，然后基本稳定在50～80L/m2·h的水平，但低的初始膜通量可以使平均膜通量表现得更为稳定。过滤/曝气两用型膜-生物反应器用于处理生活污水，可获得与传统膜-生物反应器相似的出水水质，并且对冲击负荷具有较好的承受能力。大小2种孔径的微孔管对污染物的去除效果没有明显差异。

The influence of hydrodynamic conditions on membrane fouling was investigated. Ten experiments were dsigned and operated over a wide range of suspended solid (SS) concentrations (2-20 gl-1), iltration fluxes (4.5-271m-2h-1) and aeration intensities (10-100m3 m-2 h-1). In each experiment, the liquid cross-flow velocity was measured and the membrane filtration resistance was monitored. A modified model was set up for calculating the cross-flow velocity of the activated sludge over the membrane surface. The increasing rate of filtration resistance was deduced as a power function of the cross-flow velocities, filtration fluxes and SS concentrations, and a critical curve corresponding to a group of critical fluxes and critical aeration intensities was found. The membrane filtration resistance sharply increased at a flux over the critical flux or at an aeration intensity below the critical aeration intensity.

结合连续流小试,对膜2生物反应器运行过程中，活性污泥沉降性能的变化及其对膜污染的影响进行了研究。结果表明,随着运行时间的增长，该系统内丝状菌大量繁殖，活性污泥沉降性能变差，SVI值升高。随之，膜过滤压差（过滤阻力）平均上升速率有所增加，膜过滤周期缩短。膜过滤压差的“两阶段性（平缓上升期和加速上升期）”变化规律趋于明显，平缓上升期和加速上升期的膜过滤压差上升速率随污泥SVI值的升高分别呈现下降和上升的趋势。污泥沉降性能的变化对膜污染过程产生明显影响。电镜观察表明，污泥沉降性能对膜过滤压差的影响与膜面污染层的结构和厚度有关。

An anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) was applied to simultaneous removals of nitrogen and carbon from food processing wastewater in a laboratory scale experiment. By continuous runs under appropriate operational conditions, COD, NH4 +-N and TN removal was over 94, 91 and 74%, respectively. The anoxic reactor and aerobic MBR contributed 40-63 and 29-46% to COD removal, and 31-43 and 47-64% to NH4 +-N removal, respectively. Nitrification in the MBR could be enhanced by adding some carriers for growth of adhesive biomass when the system was operated at a shorter sludge retention time (SRT). The maximum volumetric COD and TN loadings as high as 3.4kg COD m-3 day-1 and 1.26kg Nm-3 day-1 were achieved. Measurement results of sludge activity for nitrification were consistent with the effluent NH4 +-N concentration change.