A self-forming dynamic membrane (SFDM) method that used the biomass layer formed on a coarse mesh to effect solid-liquid separation was proposed. A 100-

为找到一种除磷的高效吸附剂，通过铁盐与铈盐的混合溶液与碱溶液反应合成了对水溶液中磷酸盐具有高效吸附作用的吸附剂粉末。经正交试验发现，盐溶液中铁、铈离子含量是影响除磷效果的最重要因素，此外合成温度、干燥温度也对吸附性能有一定影响。通过各种测试证明，结晶破碎是复合除磷剂比表面积增大的主要原因，而比表面积增大又是高效吸附除磷的主要原因。

采用普通微网材料加工的过滤组件与生物反应器一起构成动态膜-生物反应器，研究了微网上所形成的生物动态膜的过滤性能。生物动态膜所具有的较强截留能力主要是由附着的凝胶层产生。动态膜对相对分子质量<3×10 3至>1×10 5的各个级别的溶解性有机物都有30%～60%的截留率，但过滤的精度并不很高，不能完全截留相对分子质量大于1×10 5的溶解性有机物。已经覆盖有凝胶层的膜片与未使用过的新膜片的清水过滤阻力几乎相等，约为119×10 9m-1，由滤饼产生的过滤阻力占运行中动态膜片总过滤阻力的绝大部分，新膜片在清水通过时有明显的初始阻力，而有凝胶层覆盖时的膜片几乎没有初始过滤阻力。

Bath wastewater is an ideal wastewater-reclamation source for its large discharge amount, simple pollutant composition and low pollutant content. The feasibility of reclaiming bath wastewater with a membrane bioreactor was investigated in apilot plant of 10m3 per day at an organic load of 0.50-1.85kg-COD/(m3 per day). The operation was continued for 216 days without sludge discharge and chemical cleaning of membrane modules. The quality of the effluent obtained met the wastewater reclamation standard of China, with COD<40mg/l, NH4+−N<0.5mg/l and anionic surfactant (AS)<0.2mg/l. Biological treatment removed most pollutants in the influent, degrading 34-85% of COD and 98% of anionic surfactant. The membrane separation balanced the unstable biological treatment of COD but demonstrated no contribution to anionic surfactant removal. Inorganic substances were found to accumulate in the bioreactor. The main reason for membrane fouling was considered to be sludge adhesion and gel layer formation over the outer membrane surface and microbial growth over the inner membrane surface.