用电镀的方法制备出Ni-纳米TiO2复合电镀层,讨论了表面活性剂、阴极电流密度、搅拌速率等对复合镀层硬度的影响并分析了纳米TiO2的加入对复合镀层硬度、耐蚀性的影响情况。结果表明,与纯镍镀层相比,Ni-纳米TiO2复合电镀层的硬度可提高90～190 HV;添加阳离子表面活性剂分散纳米TiO2所得复合镀层硬度最高,说明阳离子表面活性剂有利于纳米TiO2-Ni复合电沉积。浸泡试验表明,在硝酸溶液中复合镀层的腐蚀速率高于纯镍镀层的腐蚀速率,但远低于未镀覆钢板的腐蚀速率;极化曲线表明,与纯镍镀层相比,复合镀层的自腐蚀电位没有显著提高。说明在复合镀层中添加纳米TiO2不能改善其耐蚀性。

以固体与分子经验电子理论（EET）和改进的Thomas-Fermi-Dirac(TFD)理论为基础，以合金奥氏体、合金马氏体及其界面为例，给出了相结构因子nA, FDC,S和界面结合因子ρ，△ρ，σ的计算方法。计算了常用合金元素在0.2%C和1.0%C钢中的相结构因子和界面结合因子，用相结构因子和界面结合因子阐述了强韧性良好的20CrNi3钢和20Cr2Ni4钢的强韧化机制和耐磨性极高的ZGMn13耐磨钢的耐磨机制，并用相结构因子和界面结合因子预言了一种强韧性更高的Cr-Ni-W-V-0.2%C钢。结果与实际符合良好。

In thermal barrier coatings (TBC), ceramics is covered on the metal matrix as coatings in order to raise its temperature endurance. Today most of the TBCs are of the double-layer-structure of Ni base heat-resistant alloy matrix + the bonding layer of MCrAlY alloy (M = Ni, Co, Ni + Co) + ZrO2. In this paper, the concept of interface conjunction factor (ICF) in the biphase interface of alloys is expanded to coatings. The ICFs of the interface between the ceramics and the bonding layers with various compositions, such as the electron density ρ, the electron density difference△ρ, and the number of atom state group which keeps the electron density continuous s are calculated. From the calculation results, the following estimations can be deduced. When Al content is less than 6 wt% it improves the mechanical properties of the coatings; when the content is 6 wt%—12wt% it will not worsen the properties; when the content is greater than 12 wt% it will have disadvantageous effect. The estimations accord well with the experiment results of the properties and the service time of the coatings. Therefore the concept of ICF has the same important meaning in coatings, and the valence electron structure of the interface can be a possible theoretical guide for the content optimization of TBCs.

The second phase in multi-phase alloys has connection with many important phenomena such as aging strengthening, dispersion strengthening, secondary hardening, crystal refinement. In this paper, the interface conjunction factors of the interface between MC(M=V, Nb, Ti) and austenite and martensite are calculate out. The relationship between these factors and the characteristics are analyzed. The reason for the second phases being fine and dispersing and their strengthening and toughening effect on the alloy is explained using the relationship. Based on the relationship, the valence electron structure of the interface between the second phase particles and the matrix can be optimized by changing the alloying elements, which make it possible to design the composition of alloys from the valence electron structure of the second phase particles.

Tempering is an important phenomenon in ferrous alloys. Most steels, especially alloying steels, are used after quenching and tempering. To design the composition of quenching and tempering steels, control the tempering process more effectively, improve the properties after tempering and realize the potentials of steels, the essence of tempering process and the properties of tempering products have to be understood. In this paper, the phase structure factors and interface conjunction factors of common alloying elements in cementite and its interface are calculated out. The relationships between these valence electron structure parameters and (i) the phenomena of martensite decomposition, (ii) transformation, gathering and growth of the carbides and (iii) the mechanical properties of tempering products are buitt up. The nature of the effect of alloying elements on tempering process and properties of tempering products is uncovered on the level of valence electron structure. One new theoretical foundation for alloy design is provided.