中间相炭微球（MCMB）超细粉末（0.1～0.5μm），具有良好的自粘结性，经模压成型和1000℃自烧结后，可制备出弯曲强度达到134.3MPa的高密度各向同性炭材料（HDIC）。用热分析和扫描电镜等方法，探讨了此超细粉末的特性和模压工艺对坯体成型和烧结体性能的影响。实验证明，由于MCMB超细颗粒表面附着的大量小分子相互结合而形成强度较高的团聚体，使粉末颗粒难以均匀分散，严重影响着材料弯曲强度。研磨可破坏团聚体中颗粒的粘结，减少材料的烧结缺陷，提高材料性能。MCMB超细粉末表面能及粉末之间的内摩擦较大，流动性差，模压成型时采取适宜的压制力，尤其是延长压力作用时间，对材料获得理想的显微结构，缓解由压坯密度的不均匀分布、弹性后效等而导致的缺陷是非常重要的。

炭质中间相是制备炭材料，尤其是高附加值炭材料的优质前驱体。它在高性能炭纤维、超高功率电极用针状焦、锂离子二次电池负极、超高比表面积活性炭及催化剂载体、泡沫炭等领域得到了较好的应用。本文综述了原料和热缩聚条件对炭质中间相形成和发展的影响，这些影响因素包括原料的种类、热缩聚温度、反应压力和停留时间等。通过讨论指出，由于炭质中间相涉及的原料种类多样，热缩聚制备过程中涉及的反应、物相复杂，因此，在制备特定性能的产品时，应针对产品的特定性能要求来选择原料、设定热缩聚条件，以制得具有最佳结构和性能的产品。

Mesophase spheres were prepared through homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation from two coal tar pitches with some and nearly without quinoline insolubles. The pitches suffered thermal condensation in a stainless steel reactor at 440 and 410℃ for 1 or 7h, respectively. SEM was introduced as a useful tool to detect the structures of the two kinds of mesophase spheres. As a result of the paper, it was found that the structure of mesophase spheres prepared through homogeneous nucleation was Brooks-Taylor type, which is consistent with the analysis result of optical microscopy. Whereas, the structures of the heterogeneous nucleation mesophase spheres were complex, which were parallel in parts of the structure.

In a study of the preparation of Pt/C eletrocatalysts, a set of modified Vulcan XC-72 carbon black supports have been prepared by nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide oxidation, or thermal treatment in nitrogen flow. The supports obtained by these methods had largely identical pore structure, but different from the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups. The physical and surface chemical nature of the supports was characterized by XPS, BET, FTIR, and acid-base titration. The above pre-treatment-carbon supported Pt/C electrocatalysts were prepared by the impregnation-reduction method with formaldehyde as the reducing agent, H2PtCl6 as precursor. The effect of the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups of Vulcan XC-72 carbon black on the Pt/C catalysts dispersion was studied by the characterization with XRD and TEM. It was discovered that decreasing the amount of surface oxygen-containing groups on carbon supports favored the dispersion of platinum on the Pt/C catalysts.

研究了含有菱形相的天然石墨HT10在EC/EMC和3EC/3EMC/4PC溶剂中的电化学性能。实验结果表明：HT10不仅在EC/EMC为溶剂的电解液中能进行良好的充放电，而且在PC含量高达40%的电解液中也保持了较高的放电容量和较好的循环性能。采用循环伏安和SEM分析了充放电过程中形成SEI膜的情况，良好的SEI膜保证了锂离子的通过而阻止溶剂的共嵌入，并且观察到了石墨片层发生剥离形成的疏松多孔性的剥离产物。