We have used capillary electrophoresis in the frontal analysis mode(CE- FA) to determine the unbound concentration of clozapine in human serum albumin(HSA), human plasma, rabbit serum and plasma sample. The unbound clozapine concentration was directly measured from the height of the frontal peak. Samples were injected directly into an uncoated fused silica capillary (0.65 m (LC)×75 μm i. d.; LE= 0.35 m) and separation was accomplished within 11 min without extensive sample pretreatment. The most suitable running buffer to separate unbound clozapine peak from the other peaks due to endogenous substances was found to contain 1 mmol 1-1 EDTA, 0.5 mol 1-1 glycine, and 67 mmol 1-1 phosphate with pH 7.4. The concentrations of unbound clozapine agreed well with those determined by the conventional ultrafiltration method. The methodology is validated and good correlation and precision are obtained. It was found that clozapine is strongly bound to protein in human plasma, rabbit plasma, and serum, while hardly bound to HSA. The present method enables the determination of the unbound drug concentration in multiple equilibrium system with less than ultra- micro injection volume, and would be hence especially useful for the protein binding study in biological samples that are only available in minute quantities.

采用高效液相色谱—迎头分析法(HPLC- FA)，以67 mmol/ L(pH 7.4, I= 0.17 mol/ L)的等渗磷酸盐缓冲液为流动相，Pinkerton GFFⅡ- S5- 80内表面反相柱(150 mm×4.6 mm i. d., 5μm)为固定相，254 nm下检测，研究了酮洛芬与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合作用，通过非线性回归参数估算求得酮洛芬与HSA的结合参数：与高效毛细管电泳—迎头分析法(HPCE- FA)相比，HPLC- FA法具有高灵敏度的优势，但进样量较大，分析时间较长。HPLC- FA法的测定结果表明，HSA分子上酮洛芬的两类结合位点（第一类和第二类）共存。当酮洛芬与HSA的量比较低时，酮洛芬主要结合在第一类位点；当它们的量比较高时，结合才发生在第二类结合位点。

采用毛细管电泳—迎头分析模式体外实验测定了人血清白蛋白溶液、人血浆、兔血清和血浆样品溶液中游离氯氮平的浓度。根据前沿峰的峰高直接测定了样品溶液中的游离氯氮平浓度，并与传统超滤法进行了比较。通过考察施加的电压和运行缓冲液的组成对氯氮平电泳峰平台形成的影响确定了最优分离条件。讨论了氯氮平蛋白结合作用的选择性。

研究了正庚基锂、正辛基锂同6，6- 二烷基富烯反应的立体和溶剂效应对反应类型的影响。在弱极性溶剂中（方法A，B），正庚基锂、正辛基锂同6，6- 二烷基富烯主要发生加成反应；在极性溶剂中（方法C），则倾向于加成和还原两种反应。利用上述反应形成的环戊二烯基阴离子同TiCl4、ZrCl4反应，合成了一系列新的取代茂钛、锆化合物。

The EOF pump was successfully used as a means of introducing samples into a capillary system. An improved sample injection device has been developed using a TeflonTM union(TU) to link the two capillaries together. The capillary applied high voltage served as the EOF pump to pull the liquid inside while the other one served the purposes of isolating the electric field. Using the bias degree(BD) and SD of bias(SDB), it was possible to quantitatively determine the sampling bias and evaluate the effectiveness of injection approaches in bias elimination. Several related factors were evaluated, and it was found that TU approach could fully eliminate the bias under the optimal conditions. The fracture did not affect the efficiency, leak, or dilute the sample significantly. This approach was effective under both normal and reverse EOF situations and adapted to real samples. Finally, a TU method using grounded injection electrode was proposed and shown to be suitable for samples with low conductivity and high injection voltage.