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李忠海, Zhonghai Li and Yukiya Horikawa
Soil Sci Plant Nutr 43(4), 911-919, 1997,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Flocculation and dispersion of clay particles in in vitro waterlogged soils at 8, 18, 28, and 380C were investigated with some indications of soil reduction. Above 280C, waterlogging for l-week in the six soils caused a significant decrease in the turbidity of their colloidal suspensions. The decrease in the turbidity, i.e., the flocculation of the clay particles, was evident with (i) a decrease of redox potential (Eh) of the soils, (ii) an increase in the values of electric conductivity (EC) and water-soluble cations (WSCs: Fe2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+ etc.) in the solutions, and (iii) an increase in the amounts of volatile fatty acids (VFAs: acetic, propionic, and n,-butyric acids) in the soils. Soilincutoation at 8℃ retarded the decrease in Eh, the increase in the values of EC, WSCs, and VFAs, and the decrease in the turbidity. At 380C, samples of four soils water-logged for 4 weeks showed a low turbidity with a low Eh, and high values of EC, WSCs, and VFAs. The samples of other two soils, however, exhibited a significant increase in the turbidity, viz. the dispersion of clay particles, with an increase in pH and decrease in the values of EC, WSCs, and VFAs under low Eh. The observed flocculation and dispersion of clay particles in the water-logged soils were discussed in relation to chemical changes under sequential reduction of soils, particularly change in ionic strength of soil solutions largely due to the (i) dissolution and precipitation reactions related to Fe2+ and Fe(III) and (ii) cation exchange reactions between Fe2+ and other exchangeable cations on clay surfaces.
dispersion,, flocculation,, soil clay,, soil reduction,, turbidity.,
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李忠海, 徐延丽, 曹清明, 孙昌波, 钟海雁
工艺技术,2004,25(8):89~91,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以H2O2作漂白荆,探讨了淀粉乳浓度、H2O2用量、反应时间、反应温度和pH等因素对百合淀粉白度的影响,并用正交实验确定了百合淀粉漂白的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,在酸性条件下,其白度值随H2O2的添加量、温度和时间的增加而增大,随淀粉乳浓度和pH的增加而减小;最适宜的漂白工艺条件为淀粉乳浓度50%,H2O2添加量50%.反应温度40℃,反应时间30min,pH3.0。
百合,, 淀粉,, 漂泊,, 白度
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李忠海, 李安平
中南林学院学报,2001,21(1):54~57,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织推荐的营养素供给量标准以及我国建议的营养素供给量标准为基准,以婴儿为对象.采用混合惩罚函数法,借助计算机技术.对婴儿经常食用的营养米粉进行了优化设计.获得了最佳配方.计算过程表明,该方飞可行结果可靠,该方法亦可用于各类营养保健食品的最忧设计。
婴儿, 营养米粉, 优化设计, 平和膳食, 混合惩罚函数法
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李忠海, 钟海雁, 魏元青, 黄卫文
中南林学院学报,2003,23(4):28~31,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以林檎叶的水提取组(A)、乙醇提取经石油醚萃取后分成的石油醚组(B)和乙醇提取组(C)、C组加HCI溶解后得到的(D)组、酸不溶物经乙酸乙酯溶解经NaOH萃取得NaOH萃取组(E)、乙酸乙酯萃取组(F)及石油醚提取组(G)为受试物,用小鼠免疫器官重量法、小鼠常压耐缺氧实验、小鼠游泳实验、小鼠耐高温、耐低温实验和小鼠碳粒廓清法实验,探讨了林檎叶不同成分对机体免疫功能的影响,结果表明:A组比对照组小鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数均有显著增加(P<0.05),C组比对照组胸腺指数有显著的增加(P<0.05);C组浓度增加对胸腺指数有极显著的影响(P<0.01),脾脏指数与对照相比有显著差异(P<0.05);A组廓清指数、吞噬活性均比对照有明显提高(P<0.05);A、C、D与对照组比较能显著延长小鼠耐缺氧时间(P<0.05);C、D、E组比对照组延长小鼠耐低温时间(P<0.05);D组比对照能延长小鼠游泳时间(P<0.01);受试物均无明显提高小鼠的抗高温能力,林檎叶的水提取物和乙醇提取物能明显提高小鼠的免疫功能。
林檎叶, 有效成分, 免疫功能
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李忠海, Zhonghai Li and Yukiya Horikawa
Soil Sci Plant Nutr 44(2), 277-235, 1998,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The cause of the decrease in the Fe2+ concentration of the soil solution in the later period of soil waterlogging was investigated. After 7-d incubation of the soil solutions separated from previously waterlogged soils (PWdS), a greyish precipitate (PPT) was observed in the soil solutions. The color of the PPT became reddish brown after separation from the solutions and freeze-drying. The PPT observed in 14-d-PWdS contained 352.6 g Fe kg-1, 62.5g C kg-1, 22.6g P kg-1, 11.3g Si kg-l, 9.9 g N kg-1, 0.7 g AI kg-1, and a trace amount of Mn. However, Ca, Mg, K, and Na could not be detected. It was concluded that the separated PPT was dominated by amorphous ferric hydroxide based on the chemical analysis, broad IR absorption band at 585 cm-q, and exothermic peak at 301℃. The data of chemical analysis and the characteristic IR bands of the PPT suggested that organic substances and presumably alununosilicate anion were adsorbed onto the freshly-formed ferric hydroxide. The dominant phase of the greyish PPT in the reductive soil solution was considered to be ferrous PPT and was assumed to consist mainly of carbonate and/or hydroxide, and conconutantly of phosphate. The formation of the ferrous PPT in the soil solution in the later period of soil waterlogging was considered to (i) cause the decrease of concentration of Fe2+ ion and of other divalent cations such as Ca2+ due to the re-adsorption of Ca2+ on soil clays through the cation exchange reaction with Fe2+ ion, and consequently (ii) enhance the dispersion of the soil colloidal suspension.
clay dispersion,, ferric hydroxide,, ferrous carbonate,, ferrous hyroxide,, soil reduction.,
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