Highly transparent conducting indium tin oxide(ITO)films have been prepared on glass substrates by reactively evaporating In-Sn alloy in a system with an oxygen partial pressure of (1-2)×10-4 Torr and a substrate temperature between 100 and 320℃. Mechanically stable polycrystalline conducting ITO films having a preferred orientation with the (111) planes parallel to the substrates were deposited with resistivities in the range from 1.12×10-4 to 3.07×10-4 cm, with carrier densities between 7×1020 and 1.27×1021 cm-3 and Hall mobilities between 27 and 40 cm2 V-1 S-1. The average transmittance reached 95% for a film 175 nm thick in the wavelength range of the visible spectrum. The resistivities and transmittances of the obtained films depended on the oxygen partial pressures and substrate temperatures during film fabrication.

Transparent conducting ZnO:Al films with good adhesion and low resistivity have been prepared on organic substrates by r.f. magnetronsputtering. Polycrystalline ZnO:Al films having a preferred orientation were obtained with resistivity 1.84

The photoresponse of polycrystalline ZnO films generally contains both a true photoconductivity and a contribution from surface structural changes which can alter the surface conducatance via the chemisorption and photodesorption of an active ambient-gas component. The surface structural changes can increase the conductance by up to seven orders of magnitude for a 500nm thick sample when illuminated with an intensity of 4

Highly transparent conducting Al-doped ZnO films with good adherence and low resistivity have been prepared on polymer substrates by r. f. magnetron sputtering. Mechanically stable polycrystalline conducting ZnO: Al films having a preferred orientation with the (002).planes parallel to the substrates were deposited on polyisocyanate(PI).substrate with resistivities in the range of 4.1×10-3 to 5.110-4 π cm, with carrier densities more than 2.6×1020 cm-3 and Hall mobilities between 5.78 and 13.11 cm2 V-1 s-1. The average transmittance exceeded 80% for a 440 nm thick film deposited on polypropylene adipate (PPA).substrate in the visible spectrum. The quality of obtained films depended on substrate temperatures, sputtering power, Ar pressures and compositions of used targets during film fabrication.

A Burstein-Moss shift has been observed in highly transparent conducting zinc oxide films prepared by ion-bean-assisted reactive deposition. The optical gaps ranged from 3.27 to 4.1 eV increase with an increase in film conductivities and carrier concentrations. Annealing over 773K reduces conductivities by several orders of magnitude and subsequently narrows the optical gaps from 3.41 to 3.24 eV. When the films are irradiated with a UV light, they exhibit some photoresponse. The observed UV photoresponse can bi interpreted using oxygen photodesorption and chemisorption at the surface