综述了近年来工业生物催化过程的发展，提出按照生物催化剂的制备和催化过程的特点将工业生物催化分成生长耦联型催化和生长非耦联型催化，通过这两类生物催化成功的范例以及研究进展讨论生物催化工业化的途径和方法及进一步发展的方向和对策。

利用Klebsiella pneumoniae生长与催化耦合的特点，将好氧生长与厌氧转化两个过程耦合，开发了两段双底物发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的新工艺，并对其工艺特点进行了初步研究。结果表明，采用两段双底物发酵工艺，发酵过程菌体浓度明显高于传统的厌氧转化工艺，OD650最大值达到9.37，发酵60h,1,3-丙二醇的浓度达到50.16g/L，生成速率达0.836g/(L×h)，比传统工艺提高了45%。

利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）突变株SP-UV-56进行十三碳二元酸发酵，研究了pH值控制模式对产酸的影响。低pH值对维持菌体活性有利，但不利于菌体产酸；高pH值能促进菌体产酸，但菌体活性有所下降。在研究中定义了3个参数pHe值、Cp，e和ΔpHe。菌体的产酸与ΔpHe有关，通过实验建立了pHe值与产酸量Cp,e之间的关联式，提出了pH值梯度控制策略，并确定了适宜的ΔpHe。以ΔpHe=012为推动力，建立了pH值连续控制方程。应用pH值连续控制方程进行发酵，转化120h产酸量达到145.2g·L-1，较对照组的产酸量提高了16%，适宜的pH值控制范围为715～812，为长链二元酸发酵技术实现pH值连续自动控制奠定了理论基础。

The intracellular pH (pHi) of a,dicarboxylic acid producing Candida tropicalis was determined by a fluorescence technique using the pH-sensitive fluorescent probe 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate. Fermentations with n-tridecane substrate to produce a,-tridecanedioic acid were carried out in a 5-l bioreactor in which growth and production were separated. During the growth phase, the measured pHi values were varied from 5.65 to 6.15 in all the experiments performed under different constant pH-operating conditions. The specific rates of growth, sucrose consumption, CO2 production, and O2 consumption were correlated with pHi. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450), which catalyzes n-alkane hydroxylation, was only slightly expressed during the growth phase. During the first 6h of the production phase, P450 activity was induced rapidly accompanying higher pHi. A much higher level of P450 activity was observed at pHi of 6.55

A crude extract from Fusarium oxysprum caused significant cell apoptosis in suspension cultures of Taxus chinensis var. mairei as determined by transmission electron microscopy, DNA gel electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick labeling (TUNEL) analysis. Cells of T. chinensis var. mairei responded to the fungal elicitors by altering the general phenylpropanoid pathway and affecting the biosynthesis of taxol. The activity of L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) increased appreciably within the first 36h of elicitor treatment, and then decreased rapidly. A large quantity of phenolic compounds accumulated in the culture medium. The maximum concentration of taxol was three times higher than that of the control. Cell apoptosis and taxol production are closely relevant in elicitor-treated culture of T. chinensis var. mairei .